This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
Literatur
Jalan R et al. Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: a position statement based on the EASL Special Conference 2013. J Hepatol 2014;60(6):1310-24
Arvaniti V et al. Infections in patients with cirrhosis increase mortality four-fold and should be used in determining prognosis. Gastroenterology 2010;139(4):1246-56, 1256.e1-5
Møller S, Bendtsen F. Cirrhotic Multiorgan Syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 2015;60(11):3209-25
Iwakiri Y, Shah V, Rockey DC. Vascular pathobiology in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis - current status and future directions. J Hepatol 2014; 61(4):912-24
Clària J et al. Systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis: Characterization and role in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Hepatology 2016;64(4):1249-64
Wiest R, Lawson M, Geuking M. Pathological bacterial translocation in liver cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2014;60(1):197-209
Bernardi M et al. Mechanisms of decompensation and organ failure in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2015;63(5):1272-84
Kubes P, Mehal WZ. Sterile inflammation in the liver. Gastroenterology 2012;143(5):1158-72
Krag A et al. Low cardiac output predicts development of hepatorenal syndrome and survival in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Gut 2010;59(1):105-10
Stadlbauer V et al. Relationship between activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renal blood flow autoregulation in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2008;134(1):111-9
Alobaidi R, Basu RK, Goldstein SL, Bagshaw SM. Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Semin Nephrol 2015;35(1):2-11
Shah N et al. Increased renal expression and urinary excretion of TLR4 in acute kidney injury associated with cirrhosis. Liver Int 2013;33(3):398-409
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2018;69(2):406-60
Ortega R et al. Terlipressin therapy with and without albumin for patients with hepatorenal syndrome: Results of a prospective, nonrandomized study. Hepatology 2002;36(4 Pt 1):941-8
Brensing KA et al. Long term outcome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt in non-transplant cirrhotics with hepatorenal syndrome. Gut 2000;47(2):288-95
Guevara M et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in hepatorenal syndrome: Effects on renal function and vasoactive systems. Hepatology 1998;28(2):416-22
Boyer TD et al. Impact of liver transplantation on the survival of patients treated for hepatorenal syndrome type 1. Liver Transpl 2011;17(11):1328-32
Møller S et al. An update on cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019;13(5):497-505
Yoon KT et al., Liu H, Lee SS. Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020;22(9):45
Møller S, Henriksen JH. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. J Hepatol 2010;53(1):179-90
Zardi EM et al. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in the pre- and post-liver transplantation phase. J Cardiol 2016;67(2):125-30
Thenappan T et al. A central role for CD68(+) macrophages in hepatopulmonary syndrome. Reversal by macrophage depletion. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011;183(8):1080-91
Zhang J et al. Pulmonary angiogenesis in a rat model of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Gastroenterol 2009;136(3):1070-80
Horvatits T et al. Von Willebrand factor antigen for detection of hepatopulmonary syndrome in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2014;61(3):544-9
Olde Damink SW et al. Interorgan ammonia metabolism in liver failure. Neurochemistry International 2002;41(2-3):177-88
Azhari H, Swain MG. Role of Peripheral Inflammation in Hepatic Encephalopathy. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2018;8(3):281-5
Odeh M, Sabo E, Srugo I, Oliven A. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha correlate with severity of hepatic encephalopathy due to chronic liver failure. Liver Int 2004;24(2):110-6
Jiang W et al. Cerebral inflammation contributes to encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: Protective effect of minocycline. J Neurochem 2009;109(2):485-93
Merli M et al. Increased risk of cognitive impairment in cirrhotic patients with bacterial infections. J Hepatol 2013;59(2):243-50
Bettinger D et al. Procedural and shunt-related complications and mortality of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS). Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016;44(10):1051-61
Vilstrup H et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the AASLD and the EASL. Hepatology 2014;60(2):715-35
Hernandez-Rabaza V et al. Sildenafil reduces neuroinflammation and restores spatial learning in rats with hepatic encephalopathy. J Neuroinflammation 2015;12:195
Romero-Gómez M et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure. J Hepatol 2015;62(2):437-47
Sturm L et al. Treatment with proton pump inhibitors increases the risk for development of hepatic encephalopathy after implantation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). United European Gastroenterol J 2018;6(9):1380-90
Fede G et al. Assessment of adrenocortical reserve in stable patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2011;54(2):243-50
McNeilly AD et al. Bile acids modulate glucocorticoid metabolism and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in obstructive jaundice. J Hepatol 2010;52(5):705-11
Worlicek M et al. Splanchnic sympathectomy prevents translocation and spreading of E coli but not S aureus in liver cirrhosis. Gut 2010;59(8):1127-34
Acevedo J et al. Relative adrenal insufficiency in decompensated cirrhosis: Relationship to short-term risk of severe sepsis, hepatorenal syndrome, and death. Hepatology 2013;58(5):1757-65
Fernández J et al. Adrenal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis and septic shock: Effect of treatment with hydro- cortisone on survival. Hepatology 2006;44(5):1288-95
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Die Autoren erklären, dass sie sich bei der Erstellung des Beitrags von keinen wirtschaftlichen Interessen leiten ließen. D. Bettinger erklärt Beratertätigkeit für Bayer Healthcare, Boston Scientific und Shionogi. Vortragstätigkeit: Falk Foundation. M. Schultheiß erklärt Beratertätigkeit für Bayer Healthcare, Vortragstätigkeit: Falk Foundation und W.L. GORE, L. Sturm erklärt Vortragstätigkeit Falk Foundation. Der Verlag erklärt, dass die inhaltliche Qualität des Beitrags von zwei unabhängigen Gutachtern geprüft wurde. Werbung in dieser Zeitschriftenausgabe hat keinen Bezug zur CME-Fortbildung.Der Verlag garantiert, dass die CME-Fortbildung sowie die CME-Fragen frei sind von werblichen Aussagen und keinerlei Produktempfehlungen enthalten. Dies gilt insbesondere für Präparate, die zur Therapie des dargestellten Krankheitsbildes geeignet sind.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Reincke, M., Thimme, R. & Bettinger, D. Die Leberzirrhose als inflammatorische Multisystemerkrankung. Gastro-News 8, 28–37 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15036-020-2282-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s15036-020-2282-9