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HIV-1 recombinant forms in immigrants regularly residing in Milan, northern Italy

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Abstract

To assess the HIV -1subtypes distribution in HIV-1 positive migrants living in Milan we studied 77 HIV-1 patients followed at the San Raffaele Hospital of Milan. Twenty subjects were born in Europe, 43 in the Americas, 10 in Africa and 4 in Asia. Unsafe heterosexual activity prevailed in migrants born in Africa and male homosexuality in those born in European, American and Asian countries (p = 0.05). The phylogeny showed that 38/77 (49.3%) subjects carried HIV-B subtype while the remaining strains were classified as not pure HIV-1 B subtypes 13/77 (16.9%) or recombinant forms 26/77 (33.8%). Female gender more frequently showed HIV-1 non-B strains and rarely HIV-1 B subtypes (12/39, 30.8% vs. 3/38, 7.9%, p = 0.02). Transmitted drug resistance was identified in 10/77 (13%) patients predominately with B subtype. Our data underscore a large heterogeneity in HIV-1 subtypes and a large proportion of recombinant forms.

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Author notes

  1. Sabrina Bagaglio, Caterina Uberti-Foppa, Caterina Sagnelli and Alessia Lai equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

    Sabrina Bagaglio, Caterina Uberti-Foppa, Hamid Hasson, Stefania Salpietro, Emanuela Messina, Giulia Morsica, Adriano Lazzarin & Evangelista Sagnelli

  2. Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. Armanni 5, 80131, Naples, Italy

    Caterina Sagnelli

  3. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Alessia Lai

  4. Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy

    Chiara Zaffina

  5. Department of Precision Medicine, Campania University Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy

    Antonello Sica

  6. Laboratory Clinical Science, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy

    Silvia Angeletti & Massimo Ciccozzi

  7. Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

    Brian Foley

Authors
  1. Sabrina Bagaglio
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  2. Caterina Uberti-Foppa
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  3. Caterina Sagnelli
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  4. Alessia Lai
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  5. Hamid Hasson
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  6. Stefania Salpietro
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  7. Emanuela Messina
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  8. Giulia Morsica
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  9. Chiara Zaffina
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  10. Antonello Sica
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  11. Adriano Lazzarin
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  12. Silvia Angeletti
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  13. Evangelista Sagnelli
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  14. Brian Foley
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  15. Massimo Ciccozzi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Evangelista Sagnelli.

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All the authors of the manuscript declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding this paper.

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Bagaglio, S., Uberti-Foppa, C., Sagnelli, C. et al. HIV-1 recombinant forms in immigrants regularly residing in Milan, northern Italy. Infection 48, 553–558 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-020-01434-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-020-01434-3

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