GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus Exposure in Italian Pediatric and Young Adult Thalassemic Patients

Abstract

Background: The aim was to estimate the prevalence and the persistence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) exposure markers in a group at high risk for transfusion-transmitted agents.

Patients and Methods: Serum samples from 37 thalassemic patients were screened for GBV-C/HGV RNA by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and for antibodies to the envelope protein E2 of GBV-C/HGV (anti-E2).

Results and Discussion: GBV-C/HGV RNA and anti-E2 were detected in 13 (35%) and 12 (32%) sera, repsectively. Contemporary presence of both markers was found in one patient. GBV-C/HGV exposure was found in 24 patients (64.8%). Mean levels of liver enzymes were similar in both exposed and unexposed GBV-C/HGV groups. 33 out of 35 patients showed no change in GBV-C/HGV RNA and anti-E2 status in sera taken 6 months apart. The rate of persistent infection was 92.3% and the anti-E2 seroconversion rate was 23% for sera taken at least 6 months apart. The temporal overlap between anti-E2 seroconversion and loss of detectable GBV-C/HGV RNA may last more than 6 months.