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Integrated analysis of land for the physical development of coastal cities: geotechnical, geological, and environmental perspectives (Case study: Bandar Abbas City)

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Abstract

It is one of the essential and complicated decisions that urban managers make to find appropriate lands for the development of cities. Unfortunately, geotechnical parameters have been neglected in urban development criteria, while this is a crucial parameter for the development of coastal towns. Hence, this study aims to investigate the physical development of Bandar Abbas, situated north of the Persian Gulf, Iran, with a specific focus on geotechnical criteria. The primary objective of this paper is to determine suitable lands for the physical development of Bandar Abbas City. To achieve this, three key components, encompassing three geological (six sub-criteria), geotechnical (13 sub-criteria), and environmental (four sub-criteria) criteria, were employed. In the studied area, sixty boreholes with a depth of 30 m were drilled to identify geotechnical criteria. The requirements were evaluated using the analytic network process (ANP). Subsequently, fuzzy operators (AND, OR, SUM, Product, Gamma 0.9, Gamma 0.7, Gamma 0.5) were applied to overlay the criteria after creating information layers. The least squares regression was employed to determine the most suitable operator for introducing appropriate urban development lands. Districts were clustered based on the K-Mean method. According to the findings, the weights assigned to geotechnical, environmental, and geological criteria were 0.584, 0.280, and 0.135, respectively. The results indicated that geotechnical had the highest weight in urban development, while they have been ignored in most studies. According to the results of OLS regression, among fuzzy operators, the SUM operator had the highest correlation with the studied criteria and offered the best map for urban development lands. K-Mean findings introduced four clusters for the urban development of Bandar Abbas. In the first cluster, 53.6% (30.5 km2) of lands located in the east and northeast of Bandar Abbas are suitable for the physical development of the city; 30.7% (17.5 km2) of suitable lands are located northwest of the city; around 13.1% (7.5 km2) are improper lands, and 2.4% (1.4 km2) are highly inappropriate for this purpose. Therefore, the lands in the east-northeast and northwest are the most suitable for the construction and physical development of Bandar Abbas City.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Notes

  1. Slow regression.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Qeshm Branch, Qeshm Island, Iran

    A. Khatibi

  2. Faculty of Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran

    M. Amiri

  3. The Research Center of Islamic Legislative Assembly, Tehran, Iran

    M. Faghihi

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  1. A. Khatibi
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  2. M. Amiri
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Khatibi, A., Amiri, M. & Faghihi, M. Integrated analysis of land for the physical development of coastal cities: geotechnical, geological, and environmental perspectives (Case study: Bandar Abbas City). Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21, 7207–7226 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-024-05536-5

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