Abstract
Oil mist from polyester yarn and fabric production and metal cutting parts are important sources of air pollutants in urban atmospheres. Especially the 190–210 ℃ of flue gases emitted during the thermal fixation of fabrics containing spinning oil. To control the oil emissions, it is necessary to measure both the aerosol and gas phase oil vapor of the high-temperature flue gases discharged from stacks. A new method was developed to determine the oil content in the high-temperature flue gas stream by combining the measurement methods used separately for both aerosol and gas phases at room temperature in the literature with a hybrid approach. With this developed method, oil concentrations were determined in a total of 71 heat-fixing process stacks. The results showed that the oil mist concentration ranged from 0.23 to 297.89 mg/Nm3. It has been determined that the oil concentration was affected by factors such as fabric content, temperature, and whether there was a treatment unit. In the concentration distribution maps prepared in the Surfer program, oil vapor emissions, which were determined to be more intense in the regions close to the source, were revealed to be an important pollutant that should be controlled considering the effects on human health.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Not applicable.
References
Angelis-Dimakis A, Alexandratou A, Balzarini A (2016) Value chain upgrading in a textile dyeing industry. J Clean Prod 138:237–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.137
Brochocka A, Okrasa M (2022) Determination of paraffin oil mist penetration at high flow rates through air-purifying respirators air-purifying respirators. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2021.1935545
Bulut MO, Akçali K, Üniversitesi SD et al (2012) Elastan iplik içeren örme kumaşların yağ sökme işleminin incelenmesi. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 8:262–269
Caliskan B, Kücük A, Tasdemir Y, Cindoruk SS (2020) PAH levels in a furniture-manufacturing city atmosphere. Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124757
Caliskan B, Özengin N, Cindoruk SS (2020b) Air quality level, emission sources and control strategies in Bursa/Turkey. Atmos Pollut Res 11:2182–2189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2020.05.016
Caliskan B, Artun G, Durmuş H et al (2022) Atmospheric volatile organic compounds levels in furniture-manufacturing city in Turkey. Urban Clim 43:101163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101163
Chalenko AA, Kazantseva IL (2005) Analysis of the market for modern oiling agents for polyamide textile fibres. FIBRE Chem 37:181–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10692-005-0076-7WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Chen M, Tsai P, Chang C et al (2007) Particle size distributions of oil mists in workplace atmospheres and their exposure concentrations to workers in a fastener manufacturing industry. J Hazard Mater 146:393–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.036
Chen R, Shi X, Bai R et al (2015) Airborne nanoparticle pollution in a wire electrical discharge machining workshop and potential health risks. Aerosol Air Qual Res 15:284–294. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2014.09.0219
Chen F, Yu WH, Ji ZL et al (2022) Development and coalescence mechanism of an improved filter cartridge for oil mist separators. Chem Eng Res Des 187:306–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2022.09.008WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
D’Arcy JB, Dasch JM, Gundrum AB et al (2016) Characterization of process air emissions in automotive production plants. J Occup Environ Hyg 13:9–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2015.1076161
Hao XY, Feng Y, University D (2009) Preparation and Performance of Oil-absorbent Polymethacrylate Fiber by Gelation-spinning. Proc. FIBER Soc. 2009 SPRING Conf. VOLS I II 398–402 WE-Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science (CPCI-S)
Hild DN, Obendorf SK, Fok WY (2004) Mapping of spin finish oils on nylon 66 fibers. Text Res J 74:187–192. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051750407400301WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Huang YP, Chen TK (2007) Effect of surface treatment on pet spinning and the yarn property. Colloids Surfaces A-Physicochemical Eng Asp 295:75–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.08.034WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Huynh CK, Herrera H, Parrat J et al (2009) Occupational exposure to mineral oil metalworking fluid (MWFs) mist: Development of new methodologies for mist sampling and analysis. J Phys Conf Ser, Results from an inter-laboratory comparison. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/151/1/012040
Jaworek A, Sobczyk AT, Krupa A et al (2019) Hybrid electrostatic filtration systems for fly ash particles emission control. A Review Sep Purif Technol 213:283–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.011
Kang MS, Yu G, Shin J, Hwang J (2021) Collection and decomposition of oil mist via corona discharge and surface dielectric barrier discharge. J Hazard Mater. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125038
Kilic D, Brem BT, Klein F et al (2017) Characterization of gas-phase organics using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry: aircraft turbine engines. Environ Sci Technol 51:3621–3629. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04077
Kim SW, Raynor PC (2009) A new semivolatile aerosol dichotomous sampler. Ann Occup Hyg 53:239–248. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mep008
Kim SW, Raynor PC (2010) Experimental evaluation of oil mists using a semivolatile aerosol dichotomous sampler. J Occup Environ Hyg 7:203–215. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620903582244
Li S, Zhang S, Pan W et al (2019) Experimental and theoretical study of the collection efficiency of the two-stage electrostatic precipitator. Powder Technol 356:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.07.107
Lillienberg L, Brudin S, Hjalmarsson T, Mathiasson L (2007) Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) for determination of metalworking fluid aerosols. J Occup Environ Hyg 9624:358–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620600744279
Lim J, Lee H, Cho H et al (2022) Novel waste heat and oil recovery system in the finishing treatment of the textile process for cleaner production with economic improvement. Int J Energy Res 46:20480–20493. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.7803
Miller A, Drake PL, Hintz P, Habjan M (2009) Characterizing exposures to airborne metals and nanoparticle emissions in a refinery. Ann Occup Hyg 54:504–513. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/meq032
Nowak P, Kosinska J, Glinka M, Kaminski M (2017) The thin-layer microchromatography (mu TLC) and TLC-FID technique as a new methodology in the study of lubricating oils. J AOAC Int 100:922–934. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0167WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Peng CY, Lan CH, Lin PC, Kuo YC (2017) Effects of cooking method, cooking oil, and food type on aldehyde emissions in cooking oil fumes. J Hazard Mater 324:160–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.045
Pulat E, Etemoglu AB, Can M (2009) Waste-heat recovery potential in Turkish textile industry: case study for city of Bursa. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13:663–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2007.10.002
Reed HC (2007). Oil Mist eliminators are an excellent upgrade to a gas turbine package. In: Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, 47934: 1479-1486.
Riss B, Wahlmuller E, Hoflinger W (1999) Quantification of re-evaporated mass from loaded fibre-mist eliminators. J Environ Monit 1:373–377. https://doi.org/10.1039/a902767jWE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Schwarz M, Dado M, Hnilica R, Veverková D (2015) Environmental and health aspects of metalworking fluid use. Polish J Environ Stud 24(1):37–45
Simpson AT, Wright MD (2008) Diffusive sampling of C 7–C 16 hydrocarbons in workplace air: uptake rates. Wall Eff Use Oil Mist Meas 52:249–257. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/men009
UIB Report (2018) Uludağ İhracatçı Birlikleri Türkiye Tekstil Sektörü ve Bursa
UTIB (2022) Uludağ Tekstil İhracatçıları Birliği EXport Report
Verma DK, Shaw DS, Shaw ML et al (2006) An evaluation of analytical methods, air sampling techniques, and airborne occupational exposure of metalworking fluids. J Occup Environ Hyg 3:53–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459620500471205WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Wan MP, Wu CL, Sze To GN et al (2011) Ultrafine particles, and PM2.5 generated from cooking in homes. Atmos Environ 45:6141–6148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.036
Wang YF, Tsai PJ, Chen CW et al (2011) Size distributions and exposure concentrations of nanoparticles associated with the emissions of oil mists from fastener manufacturing processes. J Hazard Mater 198:182–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.028
Wang F, Li ZH, Wang P, Zhang RY (2018) Experimental study of oil particle emission rate and size distribution during milling. AEROSOL Sci Technol 52:1308–1319. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2018.1511887WE-ScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCI-EXPANDED)
Wang X, Zhou YJ, Wang F et al (2021) Exposure levels of oil mist particles under different ventilation strategies in industrial workshops. Build Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108264
Yu K, Chen Y, Gong J et al (2016) Improving the collection efficiency of the liquid impinger for ultrafine particles and viral aerosols by applying granular bed filtration. J Aerosol Sci 101:133–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2016.08.002
Zhao Y, Hu M, Slanina S, Zhang Y (2007) Chemical compositions of fine particulate organic matter emitted from Chinese cooking. Environ Sci Technol 41:99–105. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0614518
Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Ji C et al (2019) Characterization of particulate matter from heating and cooling several edible oils. Build Environ 152:204–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.02.007
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Elinsan Environmental Laboratory and Ersin Topçular for helping with the measurements. We also thank Burak Caliskan for his support and Selcuk Yalcin from Bursa Provincial Directorate of Environment, Urbanism and Climate Change.
Funding
This study was supported by Bursa Provincial Directorate of Environment, Urbanism and Climate Change and Elinsan Laboratories.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
HG helped in formal analysis and writing—original draft. YT performed methodology, review & editing. AA done methodology and validation. SSC contributed to methodology, conceptualization, supervision, and writing, review & editing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
All listed authors have approved the manuscript before submission, including the names and order of authors.
Ethics approval
Not applicable.
Additional information
Editorial responsibility: Maryam Shabani.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Geçkin, H., Taşdemir, Y., Aygün, A. et al. A measurement method approach to control industrial oil mist emissions. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 13199–13208 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05165-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05165-4