Abstract
This study systematically reviews concepts, tools, and systems to assess the effective and efficient idea of cleaning technology for marine debris. The review done in the past and current state of technology related to marine debris, including management issues, all falls under this category. Then, an evaluation method is proposed to assess concepts, tools, and strategies in collecting marine debris. Data were obtained from peer-review articles through bibliometric analysis. The most number occurred in the year range of 2016–2021. The highest number found were patents, scientific reports, existing, and concepts, respectively. Then, data were clustered based on tools aims, tools type, floating platform type, and location. The first layer of assessment is the availability of basic marine debris cleaning technology capabilities. The second layer evaluates marine debris cleaning technology in carrying out its function to clean the sea. The first layer results showed that less than 20% provide facilities for marine debris processing, estimate the density of the marine debris, and determine marine debris location. At the same time, more than 82.5% provide facilities to load debris onto ships and collect it. The effective parameters in the second layer showed that less than 30% scored high in terms of cleanliness and 50% in speed of collecting marine debris, but more than 80% have high scores in user friendly. Next, efficient parameters result showed that 30% devices have high score in terms of cheap manufacturing cost and 17.5% in terms of cheap operation cost.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Availability of data and materials
All data used are openly available, and relevant websites are mentioned.
References
Andrew WG (2009) Wastewater treatment vessel https://patents.google.com/patent/US7547392B2/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Basir IAM, Pratiwi TW, Saputra SN, and Windy W (2013) The ganers: garbage cleaning ship with triple hull system as a waste cleaning solution in Jakarta Bay. Indonesian Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education. https://www.neliti.com/publications/169998/the-ganers-kapal-pembersih-sampah-dengan-sistem-lambung-tiga-sebagai-solusi-pemb. Accessed 12 Dec 2021
Blinfold (2019) Australia found a way to save water from plastic pollution and we can start doing the Same. https://www.healthyfoodhouse.com/australia-found-a-way-to-save-water-from-plastic-pollution-and-we-can-start-doing-the-same/?fbclid=IwAR1aMo_ghs2gH2kiSStwiUU-Tz7uO56ZMKuGAF0RiisyrP0QTip5ELbb53E. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Boats (2019) Trash/debris skimmer vessels. http://alphaboats.com/wp-content/uploads/bsk-pdf-manager/MC-502_10.pdf. Accessed 11 Dec 2021
Borrelle SB, Ringma J, Law KL, Monnahan CC, Lebreton L, McGivern A, Murphy E, Jambeck J, Leonard GH, Hilleary MA, Eriksen M, Possingham HP, De Frond H, Gerber LR, Polidoro B, Tahir A, Bernard M, Mallos N, Barnes M, Rochman CM (2020) Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds efforts to mitigate plastic pollution. Science 369(6510):1515–1518. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3656
Bourgnon Y (2016) The sea cleaners. https://www.theseacleaners.org/the-manta-innovation/. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Bryan DR, George ZP (1983) Marine surface debris deflector https://patents.google.com/patent/US4535717A/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Chandra H et al (2020) Realita dan rekomendasi pengelolaan sampah di Kepulauan (Realities and recommendations for waste management in the islands) http://pusriskel.litbang.kkp.go.id/index.php/en/home/2456-telah-terbit-buku-pusriskel-qrealita-dan-rekomendasi-pengelolaan-sampah-di-kepulauanq. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Cho DO (2009) The incentive program for fishermen to collect marine debris in Korea. Mar Pollut Bull 58(3):415–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.10.004
Christina, Briggette (2020) River cleaning trash skimmer https://www.bluebird-electric.net/oceanography/Ocean_Plastic_International_Rescue/River_Trash_Skimmers_Skips_Waterways_Cleaning_Work_Boats.htm. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Cordova MR, Wahyudi AJ (2016) Microplastic in the deep-sea sediment of southwestern Sumatran waters. Marine Res Indonesia 41(1):27–35
Doleshal DL (2014) Pile cleaner apparatus https://patents.google.com/patent/US8465228B2/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Ellen MacArthur Foundation, SUN, and McKinsey Center for Business and Environment (2015) Growth within: a circular economy vision for a competitive europe. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Circular%20economy%203.pdf. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Fallati L, Polidori A, Salvatore C, Saponari L, Savini A, Galli P (2019) Anthropogenic marine debris assessment with unmanned aerial vehicle imagery and Deep Learning: a case study along the beaches of the Republic of Maldives. Sci Total Environ 693:133581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133581
Galgani F, S-o BA, Weis J, Ioakeimidis C, Schuyler Q, Makarenko I, Griffith H, Bondareff J, Vethaak D, Deidun A, Sobral P, Topouzelis K, Vlahos P, Lana F, Hassellov M, Gerigny O, Arsonina B, Ambulkar A, Azzaro M, Bebianno MJ (2021) Are litter, plastic and microplastic quantities increasing in the ocean? Microplast Nanoplast. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43591-020-00002-8
GESAMP (2009) Guidelines or the monitoring and assessment of plastic litter and microplastics in the ocean http://www.gesamp.org/publications/guidelines-for-the-monitoring-and-assessment-of-plastic-litter-in-the-ocean. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Google patents (2021) Google patents https://patents.google.com/. Accessed 10 Dec 2021
Griffith T, Richard JH, Roger DT (2011) Floating marine debris trap. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20110198302A1/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Hadi F, Siti DL, Danang MP (2014) Cost benefit study of waste management on land and at sea. https://repository.its.ac.id/81919/. Accessed 12 Dec 2021
Hahladakis JN (2020) Delineating the global plastic marine litter challenge: clarifying the misconceptions. Environ Monit Assess. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8202-9
Herndon J, Matthew J (2014) System and method for marine debris. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140337297A1/en. Accessed 12 Dec 2021 Management.”https://patents.google.com/patent/US20140337297A1/en
Hong L, Cui W, Chen H (2021) A novel multi-robot task allocation model in marine plastics cleaning based on replicator dynamics. J Marine Sci Eng 9(8):879. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080879
Horton RP, Michael TY, Victor JT (2014) Floating debris harvesting system. https://patents.google.com/patent/US9493215B2/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Huajin L, Guan Y, Zhang Z (2010) Water surface garbage cleaning ship. https://patents.google.com/patent/CN102020004B/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Jasmin HH, Purba NP, Harahap SA, Pranowo WS, Syamsudin ML, Faizala I (2019) The model of macro debris transport before reclamation and in existing condition in Jakarta Bay. J Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 11(1):131–140. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v11i1.24777
Ji T(2007) A barge for treating marine waste. https://patents.google.com/patent/KR100710736B1/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Jung RT, Sung HG, Chun TB, Keel SI (2010) Practical engineering approaches and infrastructure to address the problem of marine debris in Korea. Mar Pollut Bull 60(9):1523–1532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.04.016
Kang HJ, Chun TB, Ahn H, Yim GT (2017) Feasibility Study for onboard marine debris gathering and recycling. Mar Technol Soc J 51(1):32–39. https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.51.1.4
Lebreton L, Slat B, Ferrari F, Sainte-Rose B, Aitken J, Marthouse R, Hajbane S, Cunsolo S, Schwarz A, Levivier A, Noble K, Debeljak P, Maral H, Schoeneich-Argent R, Brambini R, Reisser J (2018) Evidence that the great Pacific Garbage patch is rapidly accumulating plastic. Sci Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22939-w
Lebreton L, Egger M, Slat B (2019) A global mass budget for positively buoyant macroplastic debris in the Ocean. Sci Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49413-5
Lin CK, Shaw HJ (2017) Feature-based estimation of preliminary costs in shipbuilding. Ocean Eng 144:305–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.11.040
Luca NPD (2018) Method and automated collection system for marine plastic debris. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160185618A1/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Maes T, Jessop R, Wellner N, Haupt K, Mayes AG (2017) A rapid-screening approach to detect and quantify microplastics based on fluorescent tagging with Nile red. Sci Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44501
Menard S, Dag N (2019) Ocean Phoenix 120, ocean coastal debris and jellyfish recovery ship. https://www.oceanphoenixproject.com/ocean-phoenix-120. Accessed 14 Dec 2020
Morin RJ (2003) Marine vessel for collecting floating debris. https://patents.google.com/patent/US6669841B2/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Morrison E, Shipman A, Shrestha S, Squier E, Stack Whitney K (2019) Evaluating the ocean cleanup, a marine debris removal project in the North Pacific Gyre, using SWOT analysis. Case Stud Environ 3(1):1–6. https://doi.org/10.1525/cse.2018.001875
Othman H, Iskandar PM, Chandratilak DSL, Caesarendra W (2020) Automated trash collector design. J Phys: Conf Ser 1444(1):012040. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1444/1/012040
Patil R, Itnare R, Ahirrao S, Jadhav A, Dhumal A (2016) Study of river harvesting & trash cleaning machine. Int J Innovative Res Sci Eng 2:422–431
Peng J, Wang J, Cai L (2017) Current understanding of microplastics in the environment: Occurrence, fate, risks, and what we should do. Integr Environ Assess Manag 13:476–482. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1912
Picardi G, Chellapurath M, Iacoponi S, Stefanni S, Laschi C, Calisti M (2020) Bioinspired underwater legged robot for seabed exploration with low environmental disturbance. Sci Robot. https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aaz1012
Pratama AE, Kurniawati HA (2019) Desain aquatic weed and trash skimmer boat dengan sistem penggerak paddle wheel di sungai kalimas Surabaya. J Teknik ITS https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373539.v7i2.32187.
Purba NP, Widodo SP et al (2019) Trajectory of microplastics at Savu Sea Marine National Park, East Nusa Tenggara. J Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir Dan Perikanan 8(2):125–134. https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.8.2.13423
Purba NP, Handyman DIW, Pribadi TD, Syakti AD, Pranowo WS, Harvey A, Ihsan YN (2019) Marine debris in Indonesia: a review of research and status. Mar Pollut Bull 146:134–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.057
Purba NP, Faizal I, Cordova MR, Abimanyu A, Afandi NKA, Indriawan D, Khan AMA (2021) Marine debris pathway across Indonesian boundary seas. J Ecol Eng 22:82–98. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/132428
Purba NP, Ibnu F (2019) Performance of float artificial debris ( FAD )with lagrangian concept. AACL Bioflux 12(6):2236–2242 . http://www.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2019.2236-2242.pdf
Purba NP et al. (2017) Distribution of Marine Debris in Biawak Island, West Java, Indonesia. World Scientific News 66: 281–92. http://psjd.icm.edu.pl/psjd/element/bwmeta1.element.psjd-bae3073e-4339-4179-b589-e62542c4c000
Rahmad S, Purba N, Agung M, Yuliadi L (2019) Karakteristik sampah mikroplastik di muara sungai Dki Jakarta. DEPIK 8(1):9–17. https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.8.1.12156
Ribic CA, Dixon TR, Vining I (1992) Marine debris survey manual. https://spo.nmfs.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/tr108opt.pdf
Roberts RW et al (2019) The ocean saviour. https://www.bigblueoceancleanup.org/news/2018/10/7/ocean-saviour. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Sangpyo P, Young NK, Suk SB, Hoon LD, Fund CS, Tai C (2013) Ship for processing marine waste. https://patents.google.com/patent/CN103313909A/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Deng Sanmin (2015) Cleaning boat for garbage on water surface. https://patents.google.com/patent/CN104986300A/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Schmaltz E, Melvin EC, Diana Z, Gunady EF, Rittschof D, Somarelli JA, Virdin J, Dunphy-Daly MM (2020) Plastic pollution solutions: emerging technologies to prevent and collect marine plastic pollution. Environ Int. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106067
Sebille EV, Aliani S, Law KL, Maximenko N, Alsina JM, Bagaev A, Bergmann M, Chapron B, Chubarenko I, Cózar A et al (2020) The physical oceanography of the transport of floating marine debris. Environ Res Lett 15:1–32
Sherrington C (2016) Plastics in the marine environment. https://www.eunomia.co.uk/reports-tools/plastics-in-the-marine-environment/. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Shim WJ, Thomposon RC (2015) Microplastics in the Ocean. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 69(3):265–268. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab6d7d
Sistemas, SENER Ingeniería (2021) Boat for waste management and treatment https://www.marine.sener/project/boat-for-waste-management-and-treatment. Accessed 27 Sept 2021
Siying C (2020) AZURE: marine sweeping robots https://www.azure-ocean.tw/. Accessed 27 Sept 2021
Slat B et al (2014) How the ocean can clean themselves: a feasibility study. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309202751_Feasibility_Study_-_The_Ocean_Cleanup. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Slat B et al (2019) The Interceptor https://theoceancleanup.com/rivers/. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Sugianto E, Chen JH (2019). Preliminary concept of ship use to waste management in sea shallow water. 33th Asian-Pacific technical exchange and advisory meetings on marine structures (TEAM 2020), Tainan, S-27
Sugianto E, Chen JH (2020) Ships for waste management in Indonesian Seas: contexts and challenges. Indonesian Creativity, Ingenuity, and Innovation in a World in Transition, ed. FrankDhont. Tainan: Center of Multi-cultural Studies, National Cheng Kung University, 67–90
Sugianto E, Chen JH (2021) Buy marine debris: a digital platform for sustainable marine debris management involving fishermen. Nusantara: Int J Human Soc Sci 3(1):36–48. https://doi.org/10.6936/NIJHSS.202106_3(1).0003
Sugianto E, Chen JH, Purba, NP (2021a) Numerical investigation of conveyor wing shape type effect on ocean waste collection behavior. E3S Web of Conferences, 324, 01005. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132401005
Sugianto E, Winarno A, Indriyani R, Chen JH (2021b) Hull number effect in ship using conveyor on ocean Waste Collection. Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan 18(03): 128–139. https://doi.org/10.14710/kapal.v18i3.40744.
Superboats (2004) Litter boms https://superfloats.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Litter-Booms.pdf. Accessed 12 Dec 2021
Technika (2021) Delta Sea: marine cleanup technology https://www.delta-sea.com/marine-debris-collection. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
United N (2020) Goals 14 conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2017/goal-14/. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Vincent TG (2012) Marine debris grapple device and method https://patents.google.com/patent/US20120183384A1/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Vriend P, Roebroek CTJ, van Emmerik T (2020) Same but different: a framework to design and compare riverbank plastic monitoring strategies. Frontiers in Water, 2(October). https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2020.563791
Wang Y (2013) Watercourse garbage clearing boat https://patents.google.com/patent/CN202828028U/en. Accessed 14 Dec 2021
Winterstetter A, Grodent M, Kini V, Ragaert K, Vrancken KC (2021) A review of technological solutions to prevent or reduce marine plastic litter in developing countries. Sustain. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094894
Wulandari AI, Setiawan WS, Hidayat TH, Fauzi AF (2020) DESAIN skimmer boat (Kapal Pengambil Sampah) Daerah Perairan sungai di kalimantan timur. Wave: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Maritim https://doi.org/10.29122/jurnalwave.v14i1.4087.
Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank National Cheng Kung University for providing the research facilities to complete this work.
Funding
This paper was supported by doctoral scholarship from the Taiwan government, Hang Tuah University, and CTCI Foundation Taiwan.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares that the article does not have any conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Editorial responsibility: Gobinath Ravindran.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sugianto, E., Chen, J.H. & Purba, N.P. Cleaning technology for marine debris: A review of current status and evaluation. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 4549–4568 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04373-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04373-8