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Synergism and antagonism in environmental behavior of tebuthiuron and thiamethoxam in soil with vinasse by natural attenuation

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Abstract

Full-scale farming systems rely on tebuthiuron and thiamethoxam to manage sugarcane for controlling weeds and insects, respectively. Both are effective pesticides, but they can harm the surroundings. Moreover, an additional level of routine management, such as spreading vinasse onto field for fertigation, can impact the environmental pollution/contamination positively or negatively. Therefore, we hypothesized the environmental behavior in and analyzed if it could be possible for natural attenuation to effectively dissipate them from the soil. The respirometric bioassay to quantify the microbial metabolism upon the pesticides in association with vinasse or not lasted for 130 days. Vinasse acted similar to an organic source of metabolizable energy. Hence, it enhanced the microbial transformation of target-pesticides into CO2. Soil samples respirometers, where vinasse and pesticides co-existed, became less toxic over a sensitive organism. Therefore, ecotoxicological bioassay cross-validated the synergism of vinasse towards the natural attenuation of tebuthiuron with the opposite true for thiamethoxam. The sigmoidal Gompertz function was more adequate to describe the microbial mineralization of tebuthiuron-thiamethoxam-vinasse associations in soil. This model presented more adequate to describe microbiological degradation than first-order functions. Plainly, analytical insights into microbiological-ecotoxicological ramifications of our exploratory study are timely and provided forward knowledge in naturally remediating agroecosystems.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP-Brazil, Grant #2019/24036-0), Coordination for Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES-Brazil, financing code #001), and the Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação of São Paulo State University (Unesp-Brazil) for financial support.

Funding

This study received support from São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Brazil—Process 2019/24036–0.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, SP, Brazil

    Laura Silva Nantes, Munick Beato Aragão, Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira, Yanca Araujo Frias, Thalia Silva Valério, Edivaldo Wilson de Lima, Ronaldo da Silva Viana & Paulo Renato Matos Lopes

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  1. Laura Silva Nantes
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  2. Munick Beato Aragão
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  3. Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira
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  7. Ronaldo da Silva Viana
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  8. Paulo Renato Matos Lopes
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Contributions

All authors contributed to this research. Material preparation, data collection and analysis performed by LSN, MBA, BRAM, YAF, TSV, EWL, RSV and PRML. The first draft was written by LSN and BRAM and review and editing by PRML. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Finally, authors have read and approved to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Paulo Renato Matos Lopes.

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Editorial responsibility: Samareh Mirkia.

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Nantes, L.S., Aragão, M.B., Moreira, B.R.A. et al. Synergism and antagonism in environmental behavior of tebuthiuron and thiamethoxam in soil with vinasse by natural attenuation. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 4883–4892 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04276-8

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