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A review on positive and negative impacts of nanotechnology in agriculture

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology volume 16, pages 2175–2184 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Nanotechnology holds huge potentials in several fields and is envisaged as a technology to lead the way toward sustainable environment-friendly development in the coming years. The basic theme of nanotechnology is to use particles having size in nanometer range for various applications in medical fields, cosmetics industry, and agriculture and food technologies. The benefits associated with nanotechnology include among others increase in yield and quality of produce in agriculture, improved cosmetic products, directed delivery of medicines and sensor applications. Advancement in the development of nanosensors has made recognition of disease causing elements, toxins and nutrients in foods, and elements in environmental samples, easier and cost effective. However, immense focus on nanotechnology in past few decades has led to its unrestricted development and consequently enormous use of nanoparticles (NPs). It is considered that NPs may pose risks to the environment and biological systems. It is also becoming evident that the size, structure and type of nanomaterials, such as graphene/graphene oxide with gold NPs, carbon and carbon nitride nanotubes, have different effects on plants and environment. Hence, long-term life cycle analyses are needed to assess impacts of NPs. This review presents a brief overview of applications of nanomaterials in agriculture and discusses its positive and negative aspects in agricultural field. The review emphasizes that future development of nanotechnology must be based on scientific evaluations of benefits and risks associated to it in long term.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, for the facilities. Kiran Gupta is thankful to University Grant Commission, New Delhi, India, for the award of the Postdoctoral fellowship for women. Author Sonal Dixit acknowledges DSKPDF Cell, Pune, India, and University Grant Commission, New Delhi, India, for award of D.S. Kothari Postdoctoral Fellowship (F4-2/2006 (BSR)/BL/15-16/0156).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India

    A. Kumar

  2. Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, 226007, India

    A. Kumar, K. Gupta, S. Dixit & K. Mishra

  3. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    S. Srivastava

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  1. A. Kumar
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  2. K. Gupta
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Correspondence to S. Srivastava.

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Kumar, A., Gupta, K., Dixit, S. et al. A review on positive and negative impacts of nanotechnology in agriculture. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 16, 2175–2184 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-2119-7

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Keywords

  • Agricultural usage
  • Growth
  • Metal oxides
  • Nanosensor
  • Nanotechnology
  • Reactive oxygen species