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Volume changes of hippocampal and amygdala subfields in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

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Abstract

Background

Automated segmentation of hippocampal and amygdala subfields could improve classification accuracy of Mild Cognitive Impairments (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) individuals.

Methods

We applied T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for 21 AD, 39 MCI and 32 normal control (NC) participants at 3-Tesla MRI. Twelve hippocampal subfields and 9 amygdala subfields in each hemisphere were analyzed using FreeSurfer 6.0.

Results

Smaller volumes were observed in right/left whole hippocampus, right/left hippocampal tail, right/left subiculum, right Cornu ammonis 1(CA1), right/left molecular layer, right granule cell-molecular layer-dentate gyrus (GC-ML-DG), right CA4, right fimbria, right whole amygdala, right/left accessory basal, right anterior amygdala area, left central, left medial and right/left cortical nucleus of AD group compared to both MCI and NC groups (p < 0.001). The volumes of right presubiculum, right CA3, right hippocampus-amygdala-transition-area (HATA), right lateral, right basal, right central, right medial, right cortico-amygdaloid transition (CAT) and right paralaminar nucleus were significantly larger in NC than AD group (p ≤ 0.001), while the volumes of right subiculum, right CA1, right molecular layer, right whole hippocampus, right whole amygdala, right basal and right accessory basal were significantly larger in NC than MCI group (p ≤ 0.002). Trend analysis showed that most hippocampus and amygdala subfields have a trend of atrophy with the decline of cognitive function. Six core components were identified by the hierarchical clustering. The combined Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis achieved the diagnostic performances (AUC: 0.81) in differentiating AD from MCI; (AUC: 0.79) in differentiating MCI from NC and (AUC: 0.97) in differentiating AD from NC.

Conclusions

Volumetric differences of hippocampus and amygdala were at a finer subfields scale, and the volumes of right basal nucleus, left parasubiculum, left medial nucleus, left GC-ML-DG, left hippocampal fissure, and right fimbria can be employed as neuroimaging biomarkers to assist the clinical diagnosis of MCI and AD.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Dou Weiqiang for his help in completing this study.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82001512), the General projects of Jiangsu Science and technology plan (No. BK20211118), the General project of medical scientific research of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (No. M2021044), the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institution of China (16KJD320006) and the Scientific Research Foundation for Excellent Talents of Xuzhou Medical University (D2014015).

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Author notes

  1. Hang Qu, Haitao Ge and Liping Wang have contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Jiangsu, China

    Hang Qu & Chunhong Hu

  2. Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China

    Hang Qu & Wei Wang

  3. School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China

    Haitao Ge

  4. Department of Biobank, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China

    Liping Wang

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  1. Hang Qu
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Correspondence to Chunhong Hu.

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The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, and the MR Images were obtained with informed consent.

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Qu, H., Ge, H., Wang, L. et al. Volume changes of hippocampal and amygdala subfields in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Neurol Belg 123, 1381–1393 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-023-02235-9

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