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Cry Proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis Active against Diamondback Moth and Fall Armyworm

  • Biological Control
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Abstract

Biopesticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis and genetically modified plants with genes from this bacterium have been used to control Plutella xylostella (L.) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). However, the selection pressure imposed by these technologies may undermine the efficiency of this important alternative to synthetic insecticides. Toxins with different modes of action allow a satisfactory control of these insects. The purpose of this study was to characterize the protein and gene contents of 20 B. thuringiensis isolates from soil and insect samples collected in several areas of Northeast Brazil which are active against P. xylostella and S. frugiperda. Protein profiles were obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Polymerase chain reaction assays were used to determine toxin genes present within bacterial isolates. The protein profile of the majority of the isolates produced bands of approximately 130 kDa, suggesting the presence of Cry1, Cry8 and Cry9 proteins. The gene content of the isolates of B. thuringiensis investigated showed different gene profiles. Isolates LIIT-4306 and LIIT-4311 were the most actives against both species, with LC50 of 0.03 and 0.02 × 108 spores mL−1, respectively, for P. xylostella, and LC50 of 0.001 × 108 spores mL−1 for S. frugiperda. These isolates carried the cry1, cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry1C, cry1D, cry1F, cry2, cry2A, cry8, and cry9C genes. The obtained gene profiles showed great potential for the control of P. xylostella and S. frugiperda, primarily because of the presence of several cry1A genes, which are found in isolates of B. thuringiensis active against these insects.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco through the Graduate Program in Agricultural Entomology for the opportunity of developing this work, the Universidade Estadual do Maranhão for granting a scholarship to the first author, and the Program PROF/CAPES for supporting the development of this project.

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  1. Depto de Química e Biologia, Univ Estadual do Maranhão, Caxias, MA, Brasil

    M C Silva

  2. Depto de Agronomia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil

    H A A Siqueira, L M Silva, E J Marques & R Barros

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  1. M C Silva
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Silva, M.C., Siqueira, H.A.A., Silva, L.M. et al. Cry Proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis Active against Diamondback Moth and Fall Armyworm. Neotrop Entomol 44, 392–401 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-015-0302-9

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