Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Identity of Specimens of the Anastrepha fraterculus Complex (Diptera, Tephritidae) with Atypical Aculeus Tip

  • Systematics, Morphology and Physiology
  • Published:
Neotropical Entomology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Several specimens collected in Paraguay along with Anastrepha fraterculus (sensu lato) have an aculeus tip similar to species from the fraterculus complex, but the teeth of the aculeus of these specimens are poorly defined. As Anastrepha species identification is based mostly on subtle differences in the aculeus tip, we studied these specimens with atypical aculeus tips (with poorly defined teeth) that slightly differs from the aculeus tip of species of the fraterculus complex (with well-developed blunt teeth), to determine if this is due to intraspecific variation or if it can characterize a full species. The Paraguayan specimens were separated in six groups under stereomicroscope according to variation in their aculeus tip. Specimens within each group were studied by means of morphometrics (traditional and geometric) and gene sequence analysis (COI and ITS1). Morphometric analyses were significant, but no clear groups were formed by the discriminant analyses of the aculeus and wing, and the COI and ITS1 sequence analysis clustered specimens with all six aculeus variations. Therefore, the subtle morphological differences observed in the aculeus tip of Paraguayan specimens are intraspecific variations and the Paraguayan specimens were more genetically closely related to Anastrepha sp. 3 from the fraterculus complex.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig 1
Fig 2
Fig 3
Fig 4
Fig 5
Fig 6
Fig 7
Fig 8
Fig 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aljanabi SM, Martinez I (1997) Universal and rapid salt-extraction of high quality genomic DNA for PCR-based techniques. Nucl Acids Res 25:4692–4693

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Avise JC (2000) Phylogeography. The history and formation of species. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Birch LC, Vogt WG (1970) Plasticity of taxonomic characters of the Queensland fruit flies Dacus tryoni and Dacus neohumeralis (Tephritidae). Evolution 24:320–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bomfim ZV, Lima KM, Silva JG, Costa MA, Zucchi RA (2011) A morphometric and molecular study of Anastrepha pickeli Lima (Diptera: Tephritidae). Neotrop Entomol 40:587–594

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boykin LM, Schutze MK, Krosch MN, Chomic A, Chapman TA, Englezou A, Armstrong KF, Clarke AR, Hailstones D, Cameron SL (2013) Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of south-east Asian pest members of the Bactrocera dorsalis species complex (Diptera: Tephritidae) does not support current taxonomy. J Appl Entomol. doi:10.1111/jen.12047

    Google Scholar 

  • Capoor VN (1955) Duas espécies novas do gênero Anastrepha (Diptera; Trypetidae). Arq Inst Biol 22:23–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Clement M, Posada D, Crandall KA (2000) TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies. Mol Ecol 9:1657–1660

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cognato AI (2006) Standard percent DNA sequence difference for insects does not predict species boundaries. J Econ Entomol 99:1037–1045

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Development Core Team R (2008) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglas LJ, Haymer DS (2001) Ribosomal ITS1 polymorphisms in Ceratitis capitata and Ceratitis rosa (Diptera: Tephritidae). Ann Entomol Soc Am 94:726–731

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foottit RG, Maw HEL, von Dohlen CD, Hebert PDN (2008) Species identification of aphids (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) through DNA barcodes. Mol Ecol Res 8:1189–1201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hebert PDN, Ratnasingham S, de Waard JR (2003) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proc R Soc Lond B 270:S96–S99

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hebert PDN, de Waard JR, Landry JF (2010) DNA barcodes for 1/1000 of the animal kingdom. Biol Lett 6:359–362

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hernandez-Ortiz V, Bartolucci AF, Morales-Valles P, Frías D, Selivon D (2012) Cryptic species of the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera: Tephritidae): a multivariate approach for the recognition of South American Morfotipes. Ann Entomol Soc Am 105:305–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imasheva AG, Bosenko DV, Bubli OA (1999) Variation in morphological traits of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) under nutritional stress. Heredity 82:187–192

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jie YJ, Xing DZ, Jun LH (2003) Evolutionary conservation and versatility of a new set of primers for amplifying the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions in insects and other invertebrates. Mol Ecol Notes 3:581–585

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leclaire M, Brandl R (1994) Phenotypic plasticity and nutrition in a phytophagous insect: consequences of colonizing a new host. Oecologia 100:379–385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LIMA AC (1934) Moscas de frutas do genêro Anastrepha Schiner, 1868: (Diptera: Trypetidae). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz [online] 28(4):487–575

    Google Scholar 

  • Meats A, Pike N, An X, Raphael K, Wang WYS (2003) The effects of selection for early (day) and late (dusk) mating lines of hybrids of Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis. Genetica 119:283–293

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meier R, Shiyang K, Vaidya G, Ng PKL (2006) DNA barcoding and taxonomy in Diptera: a tale of high intraspecific variability and low identification success. Syst Biol 55:715–728

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nei M, Kumar S (2000) Molecular evolution and phylogenetics. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Pike N (2004) Natural incidence of fruit flies with character states intermediate to those of the sibling species Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) and B. neohumeralis (Hardy) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Aust J Entomol 43:23–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prezotto LF (2008) Análise de ITS1 do DNA do ribossômico em espécies do complexo Anastrepha frarterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae). M. Sc. Dissertation, São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências - USP, 52p

  • Rohlf FJ (2004) Program tpsDig, version 1.40. Stony brook: State University of New York, Department of Ecology and Evolution. http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/ee/rohlf/. Accessed 21 February 2010

  • Rohlf FJ (2006) Program tpsUtil, version 1.38. Stony brook: State University of New York, Department of Ecology and Evolution. http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/ee/rohlf/. Accessed 21 February 2010

  • Rohlf FJ (2007) Program tpsRewl, version 1.45. Stony Brook: State University of New York, Department of Ecology and Evolution. http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/ee/rohlf/. Accessed 21 February 2010

  • Ruiz-Arce R (2009) Phylogeography of Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua. PhD Thesis, Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 105p

  • Santos P, Uramoto K, Matioli R (2001) Experimental hybridization among Anastrepha species (Diptera: Tephritidae): production and morphological characterization of F1 hybrids. Ann Entomol Soc Am 94:717–725

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selivon D, Vretos C, Fontes L, Perondini ALP (2004) New variant forms in the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera, Tephritidae). In: Barnes BN (ed) Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Fruit Flies of Economic Importance, 6–10 May 2002, Stellenbosch, South Africa. Isteg Scientific Publications, Irene, South Africa, pp 253–258

    Google Scholar 

  • Selivon D, Perondini ALP, Morgante JS (2005) A genetic-morphological characterization of two cryptic species of Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera, Tephritidae). Ann Entomol Soc Am 98:367–381

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simon C, Frati F, Beckenbach A, Crespi B, Liu H, Flook P (1994) Evolution, weighting, and phylogenetic utility of mitochondrial gene sequences and a compilation of conserved polymerase chain reaction primers. Ann Entomol Soc Am 87:651–701

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith MA, Woodley NE, Janzen DH, Hallwachs W, Hebert PDN (2005) DNA barcodes reveal cryptic host-specificity within the presumed polyphagous members of a genus of parasitoid flies (Diptera: Tachnidae). Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 103:3657–3662

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith-Caldas MRB, McPheron BA, Silva JG, Zucchi RA (2001) Phylogenetic relationships among species of the fraterculus group (Diptera: Tephritidae: Anastrepha) inferred from DNA sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I. Neotrop Entomol 30:565–573

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soto IM, Carreira VP, Fanara JJ, Hasson E (2007) Evolution of male genitalia: environmental and genetic factors affect genital morphology in two Drosophila sibling species and their hybrids. BMC Evol Biol 7:77

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steyskal G (1977) Pictorial key to species of the genus Anastrepha (Dip., Tephritidae). Entomological Society of Washington, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone A (1942) The fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha. USDA Miscellaneous Publication No. 439. US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony method. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Templeton AR, Crandall KA, Sing CA (1992) Cladistic analysis of phenotypic associations with haplotypes inferred from restriction endonuclease mapping and DNA sequence data. III. Cladogram estimation. Genetics Amsterdam 132:619–633

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Virgilio M, Backeljau T, Barr N, de Meyer M (2008) Molecular evaluation of nominal species in the Ceratitis fasciventris, C. anonae, C. rosa complex (Diptera: Tephritidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 48:270–280

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Virgilio M, Backeljau T, Nevado B, de Meyer M (2010) Comparative performances of DNA barcoding across insect orders. BMC Bioinform 11:206. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Will KW, Mishler BD, Wheeler QD (2005) The perils of DNA barcoding and the need for integrative taxonomy. Syst Bio 54:844–851

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zucchi RA (1981) Anastrepha Schiner, 1868 (Diptera, Tephritidae): novas sinonimias. Rev Bras Entomol 25(4):289–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Zucchi RA (2000) Taxonomia. In: Malavasi A, Zucchi RA (eds) Moscas-das-frutas de importância econômica no Brasil: Conhecimento básico e aplicado. Ribeirão Preto, Holos Editora, pp 13–24

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Marineia Haddad (ESALQ/USP) and M.Sc. Leonardo Ré Jorge (UNICAMP) for statistical analyses. We thank Aline Sartori Guidolin (M.Sc.–ESALQ/USP) for her support in the molecular part. We would like to thank the SENAVE (Servicio Nacional de Calidad y Sanidad Vegetal y de Semillas), Paraguay, for providing the specimens used in this study. We also thank the “Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior” (CAPES) for the grant awarded to the first author and to the “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico” (CNPq) for their financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiróz”, Univ de São Paulo, Av. Padua Dias, 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil

    G N Lopes, F L Cônsoli & R A Zucchi

  2. Depto de Protección Vegetal, Univ Nacional de Asunción, Fac de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA), Campus San Lorenzo, Central, Paraguay

    O R Arias

Authors
  1. G N Lopes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. O R Arias
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F L Cônsoli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R A Zucchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G N Lopes.

Additional information

Edited by Takumasa Kondo – CORPOICA

Electronic supplementary materials

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

ESM 1

(PDF 246 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lopes, G.N., Arias, O.R., Cônsoli, F.L. et al. The Identity of Specimens of the Anastrepha fraterculus Complex (Diptera, Tephritidae) with Atypical Aculeus Tip. Neotrop Entomol 42, 618–627 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-013-0162-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-013-0162-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation