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Simultaneous elimination of diethyl phthalate, butylated hydroxy toluene and butylated hydroxy anisole from aqueous medium by an adsorption process on pretreated waste material; investigation of isotherms and neural network modeling

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Abstract

Simultaneous removal of three pollutants (diethyl phthalate, butylated hydroxy anisole and butylated hydroxy toluene) that appear in plastic industries’ wastewater was the aim of this study. These compounds have harmful effects on human health. The adsorbent, Sesamum indicum seeds’ waste, is a natural adsorbent which was obtained freely and abundantly from a local market after being oil-pressed. For performing the treatment process, the pretreated adsorbent was put in contact with a solution of the compounds of interest. The effect of variable parameters like the type of pretreatment solvent, pretreatment time, pH of solution, dosage of adsorbent, adsorption time and the concentration of solution containing the pollutants was investigated. The equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed too. Moreover, an artificial neural network model was progressed to anticipate the adsorption efficiency of the pollutants. The results indicated that the obtained data have a good predictive capability (R2 = 0.9940). The optimum pretreatment organic solvent was found to be ethyl acetate, and the optimum pretreatment time was 10 min. Furthermore, when the adsorbent dosage and adsorption time increased, the adsorption efficiency enhanced and reached a constant limit. The optimum pH was found to be 9 and the decrease in pollutants’ concentration resulted in an increase in wastewater treatment efficiency. The isotherm data for all studied pollutants were fitted well with Langmuir isotherm.

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Abbreviations

DEP:

Diethyl phthalate

BHA:

Butylated hydroxy anisole

BHT:

Butylated hydroxy toluene

DLLME:

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

GC-FID:

Gas chromatography–flame ionization detector

ANN:

Artificial neural network

RE:

Removal efficiency

MSE:

Mean square error

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to University of Tabriz because of financial support. We are also so thankful to Dr. Zarrin Ghasemi, Associate Professor of Organic Chemistry from Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, because of helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Mir Ali Farajzadeh, Sakha Pezhhanfar & Ali Mohebbi

  2. Engineering Faculty, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, Mersin 10, North Cyprus, Turkey

    Mir Ali Farajzadeh

  3. Research Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Mahmoud Zarei

Authors
  1. Mir Ali Farajzadeh
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  2. Sakha Pezhhanfar
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  3. Mahmoud Zarei
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  4. Ali Mohebbi
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Correspondence to Mir Ali Farajzadeh.

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Farajzadeh, M.A., Pezhhanfar, S., Zarei, M. et al. Simultaneous elimination of diethyl phthalate, butylated hydroxy toluene and butylated hydroxy anisole from aqueous medium by an adsorption process on pretreated waste material; investigation of isotherms and neural network modeling. J IRAN CHEM SOC 17, 1377–1386 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-01863-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-01863-9

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