Abstract
The intermediate products of the Ugi reaction between indole-2-carboxaldehyde, 2-bromoacetic acid, amines and isocyanides were treated with Cs2CO3 in DMF to form a series of novel cyclized 1,2-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-3(4H)-ones (indole –NH cyclization) as major and piperazin-2-ones (amide –NH cyclization) as minor products.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.


References
J. Zhu, H. Bienaymé, Multicomponent reactions (Wiley, Weinheim, 2005)
A. Dömling, Y. Huang, Synthesis 2859 (2010)
A. Shaabani, A. Maleki, A. Rezayan, A. Sarvary, Mol. Divers. 15, 41 (2011)
S. Sadjadi, M.M. Heravi, Tetrahedron 67, 2707 (2011)
A.V. Ivachtchenko, Y.A. Ivanenkov, V.M. Kysil, M.Y. Krasavin, A.P. Ilyin, Russ. Chem. Rev. 79, 787 (2011)
M. Shiri, Chem. Rev. 112, 3508 (2012)
A. Dömling, W. Wang, K. Wang, Chem. Rev. 112, 3083 (2012)
C. Simon, T. Constantieux, J. Rodriguez, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 4957 (2004)
J.A. Joule, in Science of Synthesis, Houben–Weyl methods of molecular transformations, ed. by E. J. Thomas George vol. 10, Chapter 10.13 (Thieme Verlag: Stuttgart, 2000)
M. Bandini, A. Eichholzer, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48, 9608 (2009)
G. Bartoli, G. Benciveni, R. Dalpozzo, Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 4449 (2010)
G.R. Humphrey, J.T. Kuethe, Chem. Rev. 106, 2875 (2006)
S. Cacchi, G. Fabrizi, Chem. Rev. 105, 2873 (2005)
M. Shiri, M.A. Zolfigol, H.G. Kruger, Z. Tanbakouchian, Chem. Rev. 110, 2250 (2010)
Heterocyclic scaffolds II: reactions and applications of indoles, in Topics in heterocyclic chemistry, vol. 26, ed. by G.W. Gribble (Springer, Berlin, 2010)
S. Balalaie, M. Bararjanian, S. Hosseinzadeh, F. Rominger, H.R. Bijanzadeh, E. Wolf, Tetrahedron 67, 7294 (2011)
L. Zhang, F. Zhao, M. Zheng, Y. Zhai, H. Liu, Chem. Commun. 49, 2894 (2013)
L. Zhang, F. Zhao, M. Zheng, Y. Zhai, J. Wang, H. Liu, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 5710 (2013)
S. Tsirulnikov, M. Nikulnikov, V. Kysil, A. Ivachtchenko, M. Krasavin, Tetrahedron Lett. 50, 5529 (2009)
S.G. Modha, A. Kumar, D.D. Vachhani, J. Jacobs, S.K. Sharma, V.S. Parmar, L. Van Meervelt, E.V. Van der Eycken, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 51, 9572 (2012)
A. Kumar, D.D. Vachhani, S.G. Modha, S.K. Sharma, V.S. Parmar, E.V. Van der Eycken, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2288 (2013)
S.G. Modha, D.D. Vachhani, J. Jacobs, L. Van Meervelt, E.V. Van der Eycken, Chem. Commun. 48, 6550 (2012)
A. Kumar, Z. Li, S.K. Sharma, V.S. Parmar, E.V. Van der Eycken, Chem. Commun. 49, 6803 (2013)
C.R.B. Rhoden, B. Westermann, L.A. Wessjohann, Synthesis 2077 (2008)
S. Pandey, S. Khan, A. Singh, H.M. Gauniyal, B. Kumar, P.M.S. Chauhan, J. Org. Chem. 77, 10211 (2012)
M. Ghandi, N. Zarezadeh, A. Taheri, Tetrahedron Lett. 53, 3353 (2012)
M. Shiri, M.A. Zolfigol, M. Pirveysian, R. Ayazi-Nasrabadi, H.G. Kruger, T. Naicker, I. Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Tetrahedron 68, 6059 (2012)
M.A. Zolfigol, P. Salehi, M. Shiri, A. Sayadi, A. Abdoli, K. Niknam, H. Kolvari Keypour, M. Rezaeivala, Mol. Divers. 12, 203 (2008)
M.A. Zolfigol, P. Salehi, M. Shiri, Z. Tanbakouchian, Catal. Commun. 8, 173 (2007)
M. Shiri, M.A. Zolfigol, T. Faal-Rastegar, H.G. Kruger, J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 11, 85 (2014)
S. Marcaccini, R. Pepino, M.C. Pozo, Tetrahedron Lett. 42, 2727 (2001)
A.D. Borthwick, Chem. Rev. 112, 3641 (2012)
Acknowledgments
We thank Alzahra University and Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) for financial support to our research group. We thank the Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit (http://cpru.ukzn.ac.za/Homepage.aspx) at UKZN for assistance with the NMR analysis of these compounds.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shiri, M., Bozorgpour-Savadjani, Z. Highly selective base-catalyzed ring closing Ugi-adducts from the reaction of 2-formylindole, 2-bromoacetic acid, amines and isocyanides. J IRAN CHEM SOC 12, 389–396 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0495-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0495-6
Keywords
- Multicomponent condensation reactions
- Indole
- Base-catalyzed cyclization
- Pyrazino[1,2-a]indolone