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Ionic liquid-based hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction for the determination of trace lead (II) in environmental water and tea drinks samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

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Abstract

A three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) was used to determine the trace amounts of Lead (II) in environmental water and tea drinks. In this approach, green solvent ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([HMIM]PF6) was used as membrane carrier that dissolved in hollow fiber pores. 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) was placed in aqueous solution to form hydrophobic complex with Pb(II). Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) was used as stripping agent that it can form water-soluble complex with Pb(II). After extraction, the acceptor solution was directly injected into the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) for analysis. Some important parameters that influence the extraction efficiency were investigated, such as PAN concentration, pH, EDTA concentration, stirring rate, extraction time, and interfering metal ions. Under the optimized conditions, an enrichment factor (EF) of 210 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.004 ng mL−1 were obtained. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.05–0.5 ng mL−1 (R = 0.999). The relative standard deviation (RSD) at the 0.12 ng mL−1 Pb(II) level is 4.5 % (n = 6). The proposed method was successfully applied to determination of Pb(II) in environmental water and tea drinks samples with satisfactory recoveries in the range of 94–105 %.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21206059 and 21207051), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20131258), Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Nos. 20123227120015 and 20133227120006), the Science Foundation of Jiangsu Entry-exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau (2014KJ33), and Zhenjiang Social Development Project (SH201306).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, People’s Republic of China

    Yingying Liu, Yun Wang, Yaoyuan Hu, Liang Ni, Hui Chen & Yan Liu

  2. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, People’s Republic of China

    Juan Han

  3. Zhenjiang Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau, State Key Laboratory of Food Additive and Condiment Testing, 84 Dongwu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, People’s Republic of China

    Tong Chen

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  1. Yingying Liu
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  2. Yun Wang
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  3. Yaoyuan Hu
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  4. Liang Ni
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  5. Juan Han
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  6. Tong Chen
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  7. Hui Chen
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  8. Yan Liu
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Correspondence to Liang Ni.

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Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Hu, Y. et al. Ionic liquid-based hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction for the determination of trace lead (II) in environmental water and tea drinks samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. J IRAN CHEM SOC 12, 371–377 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0493-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0493-8

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