Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Extraction and separation of zirconium from hafnium using a new solvent microextraction technique

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A simple method based on the dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and a solidification of floating organic drop followed by an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was developed for the extraction and separation of zirconium from hafnium. In this extraction method, an appropriate mixture of acetone (disperser solvent) and 1-undecanol (extraction solvent) was injected rapidly, into the sample solution containing 2.0 mol L−1 nitric acid and metal ions in their complex form with cyanex272 and a cloudy solution was formed. After centrifugation, the test tube was cooled by inserting it into an ice bath for 5 min. The solidified 1-undecanol on the top of the solution was transferred into suitable vial and immediately melted, then, 100.0 μL of it was dissolved in 100.0 μL of 1-propanol and finally, was injected into an ICP-OES by a flow injection system for analysis. Some effective parameters on the extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium such as type of extraction and disperser solvents and their volumes, type and concentration of ligands, and the type and concentration of acids have been evaluated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the selectivity factor of about 13 was obtained.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A.B.V. da Silva, P.A. Distin, CIM Bull 91, 221 (1998a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Sathiyamoorthy, S.M. Shetty, D.K. Bose, C.K. Gupta, High Temp. Mater. Process 18, 213 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Moulin, P. Thouvenin, P. Brun, ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ. 824, 37 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. E.H. Levitt, A. Freund, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 1545 (1956)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. O.D. Voit, ISEC 80 Proceeding, 80 (1980)

  6. T.S. Snyder, E.D. Lee, US Patent No. 5112493 (1990)

  7. I.S. EI-yamani, M.Y. Farrah, Talanta 25, 523 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Kalyanaraman, S.M. Khopkar, Talanta 25, 395 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Poriel, A. Faure-Reguillon, S. Pellet-Rostaing, M. Lemaire, Sep. Sci. Technol. 41, 1927 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Taghizadeh, R. Ghasemzadeh, S.N. Ashrafizadeh, K. Saberyan, M. Ghanadi Maragheh, Hydrometallurgy 90, 115 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. da Silva, P.A. Distin, CIM Bull 91, 222 (1998b)

    Google Scholar 

  12. M. Rezaee, Y. Assadi, M.R. Milani Hosseini, E. Aghaee, F. Ahmadi, S. Berijani, J. Chromatogr. A 1116, 1 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  13. M.T. Naseri, P. Hemmatkhah, M.R. Milani Hosseini, Y. Assadi, Anal. Chim. Acta 60, 135 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Shamsipur, M. Ramezani, Talanta 75, 294 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M.A. Farajzadeh, M. Bahram, J.A. Jonsson, Anal. Chim. Acta 591, 69 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. E. Zeini Jahromi, A. Bidari, Y. Assadi, M.R. Milani Hosseini, M.R. Jamali, Anal. Chim. Acta 585, 305 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. M.G. Lopez, I. Rodriguez, R. Cela, J. Chromatogr. A 1166, 9 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. L. Farina, E. Boido, F. Carrau, E. Dellacassa, J. Chromatogr. A 1157, 46 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Rezaee, Y. Yamini, S. Shariati, A. Esrafili, M. Shamsipur, J. Chromatogr. A 1216, 1511 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Leong, S.D. Huang, J. Chromatogr. A 1211, 8 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M.R. Khalili-Zanjani, Y. Yamini, S. Shariati, J.A. Jonsson, Anal. Chim. Acta 585, 286 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. H. Xu, Z. Ding, L. Lv, D. Song, Y.Q. Feng, Anal. Chim. Acta 636, 28 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. M. Rezaee, Y. Yamini, A. Khanchi, M. Faraji, A. Saleh, J. Hazard. Mater. 136, 714 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Financial support from Tarbiat Modare University is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Rezaee & Yadollah Yamini

  2. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, P.O. Box 14395-836, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Rezaee & Alireza Khanchi

Authors
  1. Mohammad Rezaee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yadollah Yamini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alireza Khanchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yadollah Yamini.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rezaee, M., Yamini, Y. & Khanchi, A. Extraction and separation of zirconium from hafnium using a new solvent microextraction technique. J IRAN CHEM SOC 9, 67–74 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-011-0003-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-011-0003-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation