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Tolvaptan corrects hyponatremia and relieves the burden of fluid/dietary restriction and hospitalization in hyponatremic patients with terminal lung cancer: a report of two cases

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Abstract

Case 1: A 45-year-old man, admitted for symptomatic hyponatremia, was diagnosed with advanced small-cell lung cancer and severe hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. In addition to chemotherapy, the patient was treated with increased dietary salt intake (15 g/day), fluid restriction of 500 mL/day, and amino acid supplementation to maintain a urea load of 31 g/day. Due to the difficulty in changing his habit of drinking 2–3 L/day after discharge, tolvaptan was started. This resulted in correction of hyponatremia, which facilitated earlier discharge and improved his quality of life by eliminating the need for dietary restriction.

Case 2: An 88-year-old man with asymptomatic hyponatremia was admitted for assessment of pleural effusion. He was diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer with mild hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. He was treated with best supportive care and dietary modification (salt intake of 15 g/day and fluid restriction of 400 mL/day). He found it difficult to comply with the dietary changes, and prolonged hospitalization was required for hyponatremia correction. Therefore, tolvaptan was initiated, which corrected his hyponatremia, and the patient was discharged.

In summary, tolvaptan results in stable correction of hyponatremia in patients with terminal small-cell lung cancer complicated by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Furthermore, it improves the quality of life of these patients by relieving the burden of strict dietary modifications and prolonged hospitalization.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Aya Sakurai, a pharmacist of the Renal Disease Integrated Care Center of St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, for managing data of this case report. We would like to thank Editage (http://www.editage.jp) for English language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan

    Keiko Kai, Naoto Tominaga, Kenichiro Koitabashi, Daisuke Ichikawa & Yugo Shibagaki

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  1. Keiko Kai
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  2. Naoto Tominaga
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  3. Kenichiro Koitabashi
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  4. Daisuke Ichikawa
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Correspondence to Naoto Tominaga.

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Conflict of interest

Honoraria: Naoto Tominaga (Otsuka Pharmaceutical), and Yugo Shibagaki (Novartis pharma, Otsuka Pharmaceutical). Research funding: Yugo Shibagaki (Teijin Pharma, Otsuka Pharmasuitical, Takeda, Kyowa-Hakko Kirin).

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.

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The design of this report was approved and the requirement for informed consent was waived by our institutional review board (No. 3950).

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Kai, K., Tominaga, N., Koitabashi, K. et al. Tolvaptan corrects hyponatremia and relieves the burden of fluid/dietary restriction and hospitalization in hyponatremic patients with terminal lung cancer: a report of two cases. CEN Case Rep 8, 112–118 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13730-019-00375-7

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