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Fast solvent evaporation by experimental optimization using central composite design for one-step fabrication of superhydrophobic polypropylene surface

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Abstract

Fast solvent evaporation technique is introduced as cost-effective and relatively simple method to increase the water-repellency of polymer surface. Rapid evaporation of a volatile solvent results in the formation of porous-structured pattern on the polymer surface, which causes higher water repellency of the polymer surface. Many factors influence the size of porous-structured patterns, and while the effect of the parameters has been reported in the literature, a systematic experimental design is absent in studying the interactive influence of these variables. This study aimed to achieve a one-step method to create a super-hydrophobic surface using the experimental design to optimize the effective parameters that impact the porosity of the polymer surface. The central composite design (CCD) technique was used to study the effects of temperature, vacuum pressure, and polymer concentration on pore size and water repellency of the emerged surfaces. The optimized conditions for preparing the super-hydrophobic polypropylene (PP) surface were determined at a polymer concentration of 2.22%, at temperature of 41.53 ℃, under vacuum pressure of 68.05 kPa. The water repellency of the surface prepared under the optimized conditions was estimated at a static contact angle of 152.7°. To validate the results, the PP surface was prepared under the obtained optimized conditions. The static contact angle of water on the surface was measured at 151.9°, which was in good agreement with the results obtained from the experimental design. Further, a microcrystalline wax was deposited on the created super-hydrophobic surface, which produced a higher static contact angle of 158.2°.

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Funding

Funding was received from Tarbiat Modares University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14115-114, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

    Keivan Habibi, Nadereh Golshan Ebrahimi & Emad Jafari Nodoushan

Authors
  1. Keivan Habibi
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  2. Nadereh Golshan Ebrahimi
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  3. Emad Jafari Nodoushan
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Correspondence to Nadereh Golshan Ebrahimi.

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Habibi, K., Golshan Ebrahimi, N. & Jafari Nodoushan, E. Fast solvent evaporation by experimental optimization using central composite design for one-step fabrication of superhydrophobic polypropylene surface. Iran Polym J 32, 81–92 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01108-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01108-x

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