Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Conductive nanocomposites based on polymer with high concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Iranian Polymer Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The power density of electronic devices has been progressively increased in the last years, thus raising the urgent demand for the efficient systems of electrical conductivity. In a sense a promising strategy to increase the electrical conductivity of polymer composites is to construct interconnected three-dimensional graphene nanoplatelets networks. Due to the variety commercialized graphene nanoplatelets, some researchers have reported the need to incorporate higher concentrations. This research aims to develop nanocomposites with electrical conductivity potential, based on high concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets (i.e., 12.5 and 25 wt%) and conventional polymers (i.e., polystyrene (PS) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)). Moreover, it will investigate the effects of the high concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets on the mechanical, rheological and morphological properties of the nanocomposites. The results showed that the graphene nanoplatelets directly interfere in the complex viscosity and in the dynamic–mechanical properties of the polymers matrices. A significant increase in volume electrical conductivity was verified in both polymeric matrices when graphene nanoplatelets were added. While polymeric matrices acted as insulating materials, the nanocomposites containing 25 wt% of graphene nanoplatelets acted as semiconductors, for both matrices (PS and ABS). However, the mechanical properties of the tensile strength and impact were strongly reduced, due to the increased stiffness of the nanocomposites. These results indicated a potential application of these nanocomposites with high contents of graphene nanoplatelets in the electronics field, possibly as an alternative to conventional semiconductor materials, provided that the required mechanical properties are of low performance.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Shanmugasundram HPPV, Jayamani E, Soon KH (2022) A comprehensive review on dielectric composites: classification of dielectric composites. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 157:112075

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wu N, Che S, Li H, Wang C, Tian X, Li Y (2021) A review of three-dimensional graphene networks for use in thermally conductive polymer composites: construction and applications. New Carbon Mater 36:911–929

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bai Y, Liu C, Chen T, Li W, Zheng S, Pi Y, Luo Y, Pang H (2021) MXene-copper/cobalt hybrids via lewis acidic molten salts etching for high performance symmetric supercapacitors. Angew Chem 60:25318–25322

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Li W, Guo X, Geng P, Du M, Jing Q, Chen X, Zhang G, Li H, Xu Q, Braunstein P, Pang H (2021) Rational design and general synthesis of multimetallic metal–organic framework nano-octahedra for enhanced Li–S battery. Adv Mater 33:2105163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Zheng Y, Zheng S, Xue H, Pang H (2018) Metal-organic frameworks/graphene-based materials: preparations and applications. Adv Funct Mater 28:1804950

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Alemour B, Yaacob MH, Lim HN, Hassan MR (2018) Review of electrical properties of graphene conductive composites. Int J Nanoelectron Mater 11:371–398

    Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang R, Pang H (2021) Application of graphene-metal/conductive polymer based composites in supercapacitors. J Energy Storage 33:102037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zamiri G, Haseeb ASMA (2020) Recent trends and developments in graphene/conducting polymer nanocomposites chemiresistive sensors. Materials 13:3311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gaikwad SD, Goyal RK (2018) Effect of manufacturing processes on percolation threshold and electrical conductivity of polymer/multi layers graphene nanocomposites. Diam Relat Mater 85:13–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Li J, Zhang W, Zhang X, Huo L, Liang J, Wu L, Liu Y, Gao J, Pang H, Xue H (2020) Copolymer derived micro/meso-porous carbon nanofibers with vacancy-type defects for high-performance supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 8:2463–2471

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Kausar A (2020) Technical viewpoint on polystyrene/graphene nanocomposite. J Thermoplast Compos Mater 1:1–15

    Google Scholar 

  12. Itapu BM, Jayatissa AH (2018) A review in graphene/polymer composites. Chem Sci Int J 23:1–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Mazaheri M, Payandehpeyman J, Khamehchi M (2020) A developed theoretical model for effective electrical conductivity and percolation behavior of polymer-graphene nanocomposites with various exfoliated filleted nanoplatelets. Carbon 169:264–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Su X, Wang R, Li X, Araby S, Kuan H, Naeem M, Ma J (2021) A comparative study of polymer nanocomposites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets. Nano Mater Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoms.2021.08.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yang G, Li L, Lee WB, Ng MC (2018) Structure of graphene and its disorders: a review. Sci Technol Adv Mater 19:613–648

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Mergen OB, Umut E, Arda E, Kara S (2020) A comparative study on the AC/DC conductivity, dielectric and optical properties of polystyrene/graphene nanoplatelets (PS/GNP) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (PS/MWCNT) nanocomposites. Polym Test 90:106682

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Raza H, Aized T, Khan MB, Imran M (2018) Tensile testing of polystyrene graphene 2D nano composite membrane. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 94:4343–4349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ding P, Zhang J, Song N, Tang S, Liu Y, Shi L (2015) Anisotropic thermal conductive properties of hot-pressed polystyrene/graphene composites in the through-plane and in-plane directions. Compos Sci Technol 109:25–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Wei X, Li D, Jiang W, Gu Z, Wang X, Zhang Z, Sun Z (2015) 3D printable graphene composite. Sci Rep 5:11181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Dul S, Fambri L, Pegoretti A (2016) Fused deposition modeling with ABS-graphene nanocomposites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 85:181–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.03.013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Li Y, Porwal H, Huang Z, Zhang H, Bilotti E, Peijs T (2016) Enhanced thermal and electrical properties of polystyrene-graphene nanofibers via electrospinning. J Nanomater 2016:4624976

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Alauddin SM, Ismail I, Zaili FS, Ilias NF, Aripin NFK (2018) Electrical and mechanical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/graphene platelet nanocomposite. Mater Today Proc 5:S125–S129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Huang C, Wu H, Jeng Y, Liang W (2019) Electrospun graphene nanosheet-filled poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composite fibers: effects of the graphene nanosheet content on morphologies, electrical conductivity, crystallization behavior, and mechanical properties. Polymers 11:164–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Vidakis N, Maniadi A, Petousis M, Vamvakaki M, Kenanakis G, Koudoumas E (2020) Mechanical and electrical properties investigation of 3D-printed acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene graphene and carbon nanocomposites. J Mater Eng Perform 29:1909–1918

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bai Q, Jin X, Yang J, Qi X, Wang Y (2019) Constructing network structure of graphene nanoplatelets/carbon nanofibers in polystyrene and the resultant heat resistance, thermal and conductive properties. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 117:299–307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Omrani E, Moghadam AD, Algazzar M, Menezes PL, Rohatgi PK (2016) Effect of graphite particles on improving tribological properties Al-16Si-5Ni-5graphite self-lubricating composite under fully flooded and starved lubrication conditions for transportation applications. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 87:929–939

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Alvaredo A, Martín MI, Castell P, Guzmán de Villoria R, Fernández-Blázquez JP (2019) Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of PEEK/graphene nanoplatelets composites from melt and glass states. Polymers 11:124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Vian WD, Denton NL (2018) Hardness comparison of polymer specimens produced with different processes. ASEE IL-IN Section Conference. 3, https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/aseeil-insectionconference/2018/tech/3. Accessed 25 July 2022

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CAPES (Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) and CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) for their financial supports.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Polímeros (LPOL), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Processos e Tecnologias (PGEPROTEC), Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Bloco V, Sala 205, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil

    Mauro A. Scariot, Bruna R. Fenner, Lilian V. R. Beltrami & Ademir J. Zattera

  2. Laboratório de Polímeros (LAPOL), Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Minas, Metalurgica e Materiais (PPGE3M), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFGRS), Avenida Bento Gonçalvez, 9500, Setor IV, Prédio 43426, Sala 113, Porto Alegre, RS, 90650-001, Brazil

    Mateus Beltrami

Authors
  1. Mauro A. Scariot
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bruna R. Fenner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mateus Beltrami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lilian V. R. Beltrami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ademir J. Zattera
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lilian V. R. Beltrami.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Scariot, M.A., Fenner, B.R., Beltrami, M. et al. Conductive nanocomposites based on polymer with high concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets. Iran Polym J 32, 59–69 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01101-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01101-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation