Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Differences in catalytic liquefaction kinetics of corn stalk fractions

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Iranian Polymer Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Biomass-based polyol obtained by chemical liquefaction technology is a potential substitute for polyether or polyester polyol in preparation of degradable polymers. To obtain the favorable biomass-based polyol products, one important emphasis is to reveal the liquefaction kinetics. The liquefaction kinetics of different corn stalk (CS) fractions, i.e. whole CS, ear husk and leaf blade, were investigated in this work. The liquefactions were catalyzed with sulfuric acid at 120–180 °C for 15–90 min. The results indicated that the apparent reaction rate constant (k), apparent activation energy (E), ΔG′, and ΔH′ of liquefaction reactions differed remarkably with different CS fractions. The highest k of 1.8 × 10−4 s−1 was obtained from ear husk liquefaction at 120 °C, which was twofold and 2.7-fold higher than those of whole CS and leaf blade, respectively. However, k is not correlated with the stalk heterogeneity at temperature over 120 °C. The calculated E ear husk, E whole CS and E leaf blade were 65.88, 81.64 and 85.23 kJ mol−1, respectively. ΔG′ and ΔH′ values of ear husk liquefaction reactions were lower than those of the other two fractions. This work was the first comparison of kinetics with different biomass fractions, casting light on the effect of heterogeneity on liquefaction, and suggesting that CS fractions should be given themselves optimum applications in future.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zamani A, Taherzadeh MJ (2012) Production of super absorbents from fungal chitosan. Iran Polym J 21:845–853

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Wu W, Zhang J (2012) Preparation and characterization of environment friendly used rubber powder modified pulp sediments composites. Iran Polym J 21:763–769

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Lee SH, Wang S (2005) Effect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood. Holzforschung 59:628–634

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Alma MH, Basturk MA (2006) Liquefaction of grapevine cane (Vitis vinisera L.) waste and its application to phenol–formaldehyde type adhesive. Ind Crop Prod 24:171–176

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen FG, Lu ZM (2009) Liquefaction of wheat straw and preparation of rigid polyurethane foam from the liquefaction products. J Appl Polym Sci 111:508–516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Wang C, Pan JX, Li JH, Yang ZY (2008) Comparative studies of products produced from four different biomass samples via deoxy-liquefaction. Bioresour Technol 99:2778–2786

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Nakamura A, Miyafuji H, Saka S (2010) Liquefaction behavior of Western red cedar and Japanese beech in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Holzforschung 64:289–294

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hu SJ, Wan CX, Li YB (2012) Production and characterization of biopolyols and polyurethane foams from crude glycerol based liquefaction of soybean straw. Bioresour Technol 103:227–233

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kamio E, Takahashi S, Noda H, Fukuhara C, Okamur T (2008) Effect of heating rate on liquefaction of cellulose by hot compressed water. Chem Eng J 137:328–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ma JT (2012) In: China Statistical Yearbook 2012, Chap. 13, China Statistical Press, Beijing

  11. Wang MC, Xu CB, Leitch M (2009) Liquefaction of corn stalk in hot-compressed phenol–water medium to phenolic feedstock for the synthesis of phenol–formaldehyde resin. Bioresour Technol 100:2305–2307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Wang MC, Leitch M, Xu CB (2009) Synthesis of phenolic resol resins using corn stalk-derived bio-oil produced by direct liquefaction in hot-compressed phenol–water. J Ind Eng Chem 15:870–875

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Tymchyshyn M, Xu CB (2010) Liquefaction of bio-mass in hot-compressed water for the production of phenolic compounds. Bioresour Technol 101:2483–2490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Liu HM, Xie XA, Ren JL, Sun RC (2012) 8-Lump reaction pathways of corn stalk liquefaction in sub- and super-critical ethanol. Ind Crop Prod 35:250–256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chen HZ, Li HQ, Liu LY (2011) The inhomogeneity of corn stover and its effects on bioconversion. Biomass Bioenerg 35:1940–1945

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Pordesimo LO, Hames BR, Sokhansanj S, Edens WC (2005) Variation in corn stover composition and energy content with crop maturity. Biomass Bioenerg 28:366–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang TP, Yin J, Zheng ZM (2012) Effects of chemical inhomogeneity of corn stalk on solvolysis liquefaction. Carbohyd Polym 87:2638–2641

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Carrasco F, Roy C (1992) Kinetic study of dilute-acid pre hydrolysis of xylan-containing biomass. Wood Sci Technol 26:189–208

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Küçük MM, Demirbas A (1999) Kinetic study on hydrolysis of biomass (Ailanthus altissima chips) by using alkaline-glycerol solution. Energy Conver Manag 40:1397–1403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Wang TP, Zhang LH, Li D, Yin J, Wu S, Mao ZH (2008) Mechanical properties of polyurethane foams prepared from liquefied corn stover with PAPI. Bioresour Technol 99:2265–2268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lin L, Yao Y, Yoshioka M, Shiraishi N (1997) Liquefaction mechanism of lignin in the presence of phenol at elevated temperature without catalysts: studies on β-O-4 lignin model compound. I. Structural characterization of the reaction products. Holzforschung 51:316–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yamada T, Ono H (1999) Rapid liquefaction of lignocellulosic waste by using ethylene carbonate. Bioresour Technol 70:61–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Yamada T, Ono H (2001) Characterization of the products resulting from ethylene glycol liquefaction of cellulose. J Wood Sci 47:458–464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Alma MH, Acemioglu B (2004) A kinetic study of sulfuric acid catalyzed liquefaction of wood into phenol. Chem Eng Commun 190:968–980

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant#51306053), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant#12MS39), and the National Scientific and Technological Support Plan (grant#2012BAA09B01).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Changping, Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China

    Tipeng Wang & Zongming Zheng

  2. Biological and Agricultural Engineering School, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Yin

  3. Beijing High-Quality Agro-Products Service Station, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Liu & Xiaofei Yang

Authors
  1. Tipeng Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jun Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ying Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xiaofei Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zongming Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tipeng Wang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wang, T., Yin, J., Liu, Y. et al. Differences in catalytic liquefaction kinetics of corn stalk fractions. Iran Polym J 22, 897–902 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-013-0189-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-013-0189-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation