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Drugs Affecting Body Weight, Body Fat Distribution, and Metabolic Function—Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic or Preventive Measures: an Update

  • Metabolism (M. Dalamaga, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Weight gain and body fat redistribution are common side effects of many widely used drugs. We summarize recent literature on prevalence data and mechanisms associated with drug-induced body fat changes and mechanisms to prevent or treat metabolic side effects.

Recent Findings

The highest prevalence of metabolic complications is seen with antipsychotics and antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV and may, at least partly, be responsible for the increased risk for co-morbid diseases such as diabetes, steatosis of the liver, and cardiovascular disease. The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to weight gain from antipsychotics are increasingly known and help to unravel the complex interaction that exists between psychopathology and metabolic complications. Although the classic lipodystrophy mainly occurred with older HIV drugs, also with the newer HIV treatment, weight gain seems to be a major side effect.

Summary

Early detection of the metabolic consequences of drugs can lead to an early diagnosis of the complications and their treatment. Different medications, including the newer antidiabetics, are being studied in the therapy of drug-induced obesity. Future research should focus on identifying individuals at risk for metabolic side effects and on early markers to identify individuals with side effects so that timely treatment of metabolic complications can be initiated.

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  1. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium

    Ann A. Verhaegen & Luc F. Van Gaal

  2. Department of Endocrinology, ZNA - Jan Palfijn, Lange Bremstraat 70,, 2170, Merksem, Belgium

    Ann A. Verhaegen

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Verhaegen, A.A., Van Gaal, L.F. Drugs Affecting Body Weight, Body Fat Distribution, and Metabolic Function—Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic or Preventive Measures: an Update. Curr Obes Rep 10, 1–13 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00419-5

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