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Airway Complications of Lung Transplantation

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Although medical and surgical practice has changed over time, airway complications after lung transplantation still occur with relative frequency. Significant confusion exists in the nomenclature, classification, grading, and management of this condition. This article aims to consolidate the latest data on this topic for the past few years.

Recent Findings

As the acuity of lung transplant candidates increases, it is important to recognize that some recipient factors such as age and prolonged mechanical ventilation are increasingly more common but are associated with anastomotic complications. Novel techniques such as ex vivo lung perfusion may also be associated. The shortened donor bronchial segment poses challenges to endobronchial interventions, especially stenting. Bifurcated mainstem stents, 3D printed stents, and biodegradable stents are a few more recent developments in this arena.

Summary

Appropriate nomenclature, grading and classification, and management of airway complications in lung transplantation are paramount and can impact outcomes in lung transplantation significantly.

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Data Availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

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Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interventional Pulmonology and Lung Transplantation, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Philip Ong & Maria Velez

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  1. Philip Ong
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Ong, P., Velez, M. Airway Complications of Lung Transplantation. Curr Pulmonol Rep 12, 218–227 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13665-023-00327-8

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