Retraction Note to: Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis (2014) 3:58–69 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-013-0109-1

The Editor has retracted this article (1) because concerns have been raised regarding some of the figures.

Figure 3 part B appears to be a copy of Figure 3 part A, with some alterations. The images in Figure 5 parts A, B, C, and D appear to be the same image, with minor alterations to obscure similarities. In Figure 6B, there is an apparent symmetry between the top half and bottom half of the figure (along a horizontal line through the center of the image), which indicates this image may have been created by copying the bottom portion onto the top with a rotation.

Therefore, the conclusions of this article are unreliable. [Shashi Prakash Dwivedi agrees to this retraction, Satpal Sharma did not respond to the correspondence from the journal regarding this retraction.]