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Gli esami Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) nella diagnostica tubercolare. Le nuove linee guida del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) in tuberculosis diagnosis. New Guidelines of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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La Rivista Italiana della Medicina di Laboratorio - Italian Journal of Laboratory Medicine

Riassunto

Dopo l’approvazione da parte della Food and Drug Administration di due nuovi test immunologici (QFT-GIT e T-Spot) per la diagnosi di infezione da Mycobacterium tuberculosis (IGRA), il Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ha riunito un gruppo di autorevoli esperti del settore e dei rappresentanti delle Società scientifiche maggiormente interessate, con lo scopo di esaminare le evidenze scientifiche e fornire raccomandazioni circa l’uso degli IGRA. Sono state valutate sensibilità e specificità degli esami confrontandole anche con il test cutaneo alla tubercolina (Tubercolin Skin Test, TST), in gruppi diversi di popolazioni a rischio. Il documento del CDC contiene, inoltre, raccomandazioni rivolte ad amministratori, sanitari e laboratoristi sul migliore uso dei diversi esami disponibili. Anche se i dati disponibili circa la capacità degli IGRA di predire lo sviluppo successivo di infezione tubercolare non sono numerosi, fino a questo momento questa classe di metodi non ha presentato limiti importanti.

Summary

Interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) in tuberculosis diagnosis. New Guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

After approval by the Food and Drug Administration of two new interferon gamma release assays (IGRA), the immunoassays QFT-GIT and T-Spot, for the diagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) convened a group of experts to review the scientific evidence and provide opinions regarding the use of IGRA. Sensitivity and specificity of IGRA were assessed in comparison with the tuberculin skin test (TST). The CDC published guidelines involving the major scientific societies in the field. The tests were evaluated in different groups of people at risk, and recommendations based on the assessment of the primary studies were developed on the best use of the tests for public health officials, health-care providers and laboratory personnel. Data on the ability of the IGRA to predict subsequent active tuberculosis are still limited, but to date no major deficiencies have been reported.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio Unico di Area Vasta Romagna, U.O.C. CoreLab, Pievesestina di Cesena (FC), Italy

    Romolo M. Dorizzi

  2. Laboratorio Unico di Area Vasta Romagna, U.O.C. Specialistiche, Pievesestina di Cesena (FC), Italy

    Patrizia Billi, Simona Semprini & Mara Della Strada

  3. Laboratorio Unico di Area Vasta, Romagna, Piazzale della Liberazione n. 60, 47522, Pievesestina di Cesena (FC), Italy

    Romolo M. Dorizzi

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  1. Romolo M. Dorizzi
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  2. Patrizia Billi
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  4. Mara Della Strada
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Correspondence to Romolo M. Dorizzi.

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Dorizzi, R.M., Billi, P., Semprini, S. et al. Gli esami Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) nella diagnostica tubercolare. Le nuove linee guida del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Riv Ital Med Lab 7, 11–19 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13631-011-0003-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13631-011-0003-2

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