Musicki B, Bella AJ, Bivalacqua TJ, Davies KP, DiSanto ME, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, et al. Basic science evidence for the link between erectile dysfunction and cardiometabolic dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2015;12(12):2233–55.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Impotence. NIH Consens Statement. Jan;10(4):1–33.
Lewis RW, Fugl-Meyer KS, Corona G, et al. Definitions/epidemiology/risk factors for sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2010;7(4 Pt 2):1598–607.
PubMed
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Montorsi F, Briganti A, Salonia A, et al. Erectile dysfunction prevalence, time of onset and association with risk factors in 300 consecutive patients with acute chest pain and angiographically documented coronary artery disease. Eur Urol. 2003;44(3):360–4, discussion 364–5.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lee JC, Bénard F, Carrier S, Talwar V, Defoy I. Do men with mild erectile dysfunction have the same risk factors as the general erectile dysfunction clinical trial population? BJU Int. 2011;107(6):956–60.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, Probstfield JL, Moinpour CM, Coltman CA. Erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease. JAMA. 2005;294(23):2996–3002.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Foroutan SK, Rajabi M. Erectile dysfunction in men with angiographically documented coronary artery disease. Urol J. 2007;4(1):28–32.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Banks E, Joshy G, Abhayaratna WP, et al. Erectile dysfunction severity as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease hospitalisation and all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study. PLOS Med. 2013;10(1):e1001372.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Nehra A, Jackson G, Miner M, et al. The Princeton III Consensus recommendations for the management of erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012;87(8):766–78.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Hatzimouratidis K, Salonia A, Adaikan G, et al. Pharmacotherapy for erectile dysfunction: recommendations from the fourth international consultation for sexual medicine(ICSM 2015). J Sex Med. 2016;13(4):465–88.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Jackson G, Boon N, Eardley I, Kirby M, Dean J, Hackett G, et al. Erectile dysfunction and coronary artery disease prediction: evidence-based guidance and consensus. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(7):848–57.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Villalba N, Martínez P, Bríones AM, et al. Differential structural and functional changes in penile and coronary arteries from obese Zucker rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009;297(2):H696–H707.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Montorsi P, Ravagnani PM, Galli S, et al. The artery size hypothesis: a macrovascular link between erectile dysfunction and coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96(12B):19 M–23 M.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Ryu J‑K, Jin H‑R, Yin GN, et al. Erectile dysfunction precedes other systemic vascular diseases due to incompetent cavernous endothelial cell-cell junctions. J Urol. 2013;190(2):779–89, Aug.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Gratzke C, Angulo J, Chitaley K, et al. Anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2010;7(1 Pt 2):445–75.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Jin L, Teixeira CE, Webb RC, Leite R. Comparison of the involvement of protein kinase C in agonist-induced contractions in mouse aorta and corpus cavernosum. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008;590(1-3):363–8.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Vlachopoulos C, Rokkas K, Ioakeimidis N, Stefanadis C. Inflammation, metabolic syndrome, erectile dysfunction, and coronary artery disease: common links. Eur Urol. 2007;52(6):1590–600.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kovanecz I, Rambhatla A, Ferrini MG, et al. Chronic daily tadalafil prevents the corporal fibrosis and veno-occlusive dysfunction that occurs after cavernosal nerve resection. BJU Int. 2008;101(2):203–10.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ponholzer A, Stopfer J, Bayer G, Susani M, Steinbacher F, Herbst F, et al. Is penile atherosclerosis the link between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular risk? An autopsy study. Int J Impot Res. 2012;24(4):137–40.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Caretta N, Palego P, Schipilliti M, Ferlin A, Di Mambro A, Foresta C. Cavernous artery intima-media thickness: a new parameter in the diagnosis of vascular erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2009;6(4):1117–26.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Gandaglia G, Briganti A, Jackson G, Kloner RA, Montorsi F, Montorsi P, et al. A systematic review of the association between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Eur Urol. 2014;65(5):968–78.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Andersson K‑E. Mechanisms of penile erection and basis for pharmacological treatment of erectile dysfunction. Pharmacol Rev. 2011;63(4):811–59.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Saigal CS, Wessells H, Pace J, Schonlau M, Wilt TJ. Predictors and prevalence of erectile dysfunction in a racially diverse population. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(2):207–12.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
McCulloch DK, Campbell IW, Wu FC, Prescott RJ, Clarke BF. The prevalence of diabetic impotence. Diabetologia. 1980;18(4):279–83.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
McDaid EA, Monaghan B, Parker AI, Hayes JR, Allen JA. Peripheral autonomic impairment in patients newly diagnosed with type II diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1994;17(12):1422–7.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Sánchez A, Contreras C, Martínez MP, Climent B, Benedito S, García-Sacristán A, et al. Role of neural NO synthase(nNOS) uncoupling in the dysfunctional nitrergic vasorelaxation of penile arteries from insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats. PLOS ONE. 2012;7(4):e36027.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Licht CMM, Geus EJC de, Penninx BWJH. Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system predicts the development of the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(6):2484–93.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Tirabassi G, Gioia A, Giovannini L, Boscaro M, Corona G, Carpi A, et al. Testosterone and cardiovascular risk. Intern Emerg Med. 2013;8(S1):65–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Wang C, Jackson G, Jones TH, Matsumoto AM, Nehra A, Perelman MA, et al. Low testosterone associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome contributes to sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk in men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(7):1669–75.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Kelly DM, Jones TH. Testosterone: a vascular hormone in health and disease. J Endocrinol. 2013; doi:10.1530/joe-12-0582.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Yildiz O, Seyrek M, Gul H, Un I, Yildirim V, Ozal E, et al. Testosterone relaxes human internal mammary artery in vitro. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2005;45(6):580–5.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Campelo AE, Cutini PH, Massheimer VL. Testosterone modulates platelet aggregation and endothelial cell growth through nitric oxide pathway. J Endocrinol. 2012;213(1):77–87.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Levine GN, D’Amico AV, Berger P. Re: Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer and Cardiovascular Risk: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association, American Cancer Society, and American Urological Association: endorsed by the American Society for Radiation Oncology. Eur Urol. 2010; doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2010.07.013.
Article
Google Scholar
Mancini A, Leone E, Festa R, Grande G, Silvestrini A, Marinis L de, et al. Effects of testosterone on antioxidant systems in male secondary hypogonadism. J Androl. 2008;29(6):622–9.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Mathur A, Malkin C, Saeed B, Muthusamy R, Jones TH, Channer K. Long-term benefits of testosterone replacement therapy on angina threshold and atheroma in men. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009;161(3):443–9.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kelly DM, Jones TH. Testosterone: a metabolic hormone in health and disease. J Endocrinol. 2013; doi:10.1530/JOE-12-0455.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Zitzmann M. Testosterone deficiency, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5(12):673–81.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Köhler TS, Kim J, Feia K, Bodie J, Johnson N, Makhlouf A, et al. Prevalence of androgen deficiency in men with erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2008;71(4):693–7.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Suzuki N, Sato Y, Hisasue S‑I, Kato R, Suzuki K, Tsukamoto T. Effect of testosterone on intracavernous pressure elicited with electrical stimulation of the medial preoptic area and cavernous nerve in male rats. J Androl. 2006;28(2):218–22.
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Tehranipour M, Moghimi A. Neuroprotective effects of testosterone on regenerating spinal cord motoneurons in rats. J Mot Behav. 2010;42(3):151–5.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Traish A, Kim N. The physiological role of androgens in penile erection: regulation of corpus cavernosum structure and function. J Sex Med. 2005;2(6):759–70.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Tomada I, Tomada N, Almeida H, Neves D. Androgen depletion in humans leads to cavernous tissue reorganization and upregulation of Sirt1-eNOS axis. Age (Dordr). 2013;35(1):35–47.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Xu L, Freeman G, Cowling BJ, Schooling CM. Testosterone therapy and cardiovascular events among men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials. BMC Med. 2013;11:108.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Calof OM, Singh AB, Lee ML, Kenny AM, Urban RJ, Tenover JL, et al. Adverse events associated with testosterone replacement in middle-aged and older men: a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005;60(11):1451–7.
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Haddad RM, Kennedy CC, Caples SM, Tracz MJ, Boloña ER, Sideras K, et al. Testosterone and cardiovascular risk in men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(1):29–39.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Haring R, Teng Z, Xanthakis V, Coviello A, Sullivan L, Bhasin S, et al. Association of sex steroids, gonadotrophins, and their trajectories with clinical cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in elderly men from the Framingham Heart Study. Clin Endocrinol(oxf). 2013;78(4):629–34.
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Neves D. Advanced glycation end-products: a common pathway in diabetes and age-related erectile dysfunction. Free Radic Res. 2013;47(Suppl 1):49–69.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Salem S, Mehrsai A, Heydari R, Pourmand G. Serum uric acid as a risk predictor for erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2014;11(5):1118–24.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lue TF. Erectile dysfunction. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(24):1802–13.
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar