Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Case report. Een cutane metastase van peniscarcinoom in het gelaat: een zeer slechte prognostische factor

  • Published:
Tijdschrift voor Urologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Samenvatting

Peniscarcinoom is een zeldzame aandoening in de westerse wereld. De aanwezigheid van inguïnale tumorpositieve lymfeklieren is de belangrijkste prognostische factor voor peniscarcinoom. De kans op lymfekliermetastasering is afhankelijk van tumorstadiëring, differentiatiegraad en lymfovasculaire invasie en varieert van circa 4-77%. Metastasen op afstand daarentegen komen slechts in 2% van de gevallen voor. Wij beschrijven een patiënt met een cutane metastase van peniscarcinoom in het gelaat. Er zijn slechts enkele casus van huidmetastasering op afstand in de literatuur beschreven. PALGA, de Nederlandse histopathologische databank, rapporteerde over de jaren 1991-2010 slechts 6 huidmetastasen op afstand bij 1804 patiënten met plaveiselcelcarcinoom van de penis. Het is echter van belang op huidmetastasen bedacht te zijn, aangezien deze een aanwijzing zijn voor uitgezaaide ziekte en de daarbij behorende zeer slechte prognose.

Summary

Penile carcinoma metastasizing to the facial skin: a very poor prognosis

Penile cancer is a rare disease in western countries. The most important prognostic factor in penile carcinoma is the presence of inguinal lymph node involvement. The risk of developing lymph node metastasis depends on several penile tumour factors, including primary tumour stage, histologic grade, and lymphovascular invasion and ranges from circa 4-77%. However, distant metastasis via hematogeneous route, accounts only for 2% of the cases. We present an unusual case of penile carcinoma metastasizing to the facial skin. Only a few cases of distant cutaneous metastasis are reported in literature. During 1991-2010, the Dutch national histopathology registry (PALGA) shows only 6 distant cutaneous metastases from 1804 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. Recognition of cutaneous metastasis is important, because they are indicative of disseminated disease and a corresponding poor prognosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figuur 1.
Figuur 2.

Literatuur

  1. Gloeckler-Ries LA, Hankey BF, Edwards BK. Cancer statistics review 1973-1987. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute; 1990 NIH Pub. No. 90–2789.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Maich AG. Epidemiological aspects of cancer of the penis in Finland. Eur J Cancer Prev. 1992: 1;153–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Misra S, Chaturvedi A, Misra NC. Penile carcinoma: a challenge for the developing world. Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(4)240–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Maden C, Sherman KJ, Beckman AM, et al. History of circumcision, medical conditions, and sexual activity and risk of penile cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst. 1993; 85(1):19–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Buechner SA. Common skin disorders of the penis. BJU Int. 2002; 90:498–506.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ritchie AWS, Foster PW, Fowler S, et al. Penile cancer in the UK: clinical presentation and outcome in 1998/99. BJU Int. 2001; 94:1248–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Persson B, Sjodin JG, Holmberg L, et al. The National Penile Cancer Register in Sweden 2000-2003. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2007; 41:278–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Burgers JK, Badalament RA, Drago JR. Penile cancer. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and staging. Urol Clin North Am. 1992; 19:247–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Graafland NM, Lam W, Leijte J, et al. Prognostic factors for occult inguinal lymph node involvement in penile carcinoma and assessment of the high-risk EAU subgroup: A two-institution analysis of 342 clinically node-negative patients. Eur Urol. 2010; 58:742–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Sobin LH, Gospodariwicz M, Wittekind C (Eds). TNM classification of malignant tumors. UICC International Union Against Cancer. 7th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009 Dec; pp. 239–42.

  11. Letendre J, Saad F, Lattouf JB. Penile cancer: what’s new? Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2011; 5:185–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Slaton JW, Morgenstern N, Levy DA, et al. Tumor stage, vascular invasion and the percentage of poorly differentiated cancer: independent prognosticators for inguinal lymph node metastasis in penile squamous cancer. J Urol. 2001; 165:1138–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Solsona E, Algaba F, Horenblas S, et al. EAU guidelines on penile cancer. Eur Urol. 2004; 46:1–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Rippentrop JM, Joslyn SA, Konety BR. Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: evaluation of data from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program. Cancer. 2004; 15:1357–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Youngberg GA, Berro J, Young M, et al. Metastatic Epidermotropic Squamous Carcinoma Histologically Simulating Primary Carcinoma. Am J Dermat. 1989; 11(5):457–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Khandpur S, Reddy BSN, Kaur H. Multiple Cutaneous Metastases form Carcinoma of the Penis. J Dermat. 2002: 29;296–9.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Merwe A van der, Zarrabi A, Basson J, et al. Distant cutaneous metastases secondary to squamous carcinoma of the penis. Can J Urol. 2009: 16(1);4498–501.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Tunio MA, Hashmi AH, Rafi M. Penile cancer: skin metastasis. Prof Med J. 2009: 16(4);606–8.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lookingbill DP, Spangler B, Sexton FM. Skin involvement as the presenting sign of internal carcinoma. A retrospective study of 7316 cancer patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990; 22:19–26.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Pathologisch Anatomisch Landelijk Geautomatiseerd Archief (PALGA). Databank.1991–2010.

  21. Brownstein MH, Helwig EB. Metastatic tumors of the skin. Cancer. 1972; 29:1298–307.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Mueller TJ, Wu H, Greenberg RE, et al. Cutaneous metastases from genitourinary malignancies. Urology. 2004; 63(6):1021–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Lont AP, Besnard APE, Gallee MPW, et al. A comparison of physical examination and imaging in determining the extent of primary penile carcinoma. BJU Int. 2003; 91(6):493–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Pizzocaro G, Algaba F, Horenblas S, et al. EAU penile cancer guidelines 2009. Eur Urol. 2010; 57:1002–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Horenblas S. Lymphadenectomy in penile cancer. Urol Clin Am. 2011; 38;459–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Leijte JA, Kroon BK, Valdés Olmos RA, et al. Reliability and safety of current dynamic sentinel node biopsy for penile carcinoma. Eur Urol. 2007; 52:170–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Lont AP, Kroon BK, Gallee MP, et al. Pelvic lymph node dissection for penile carcinoma: extent of inguinal lymph node involvement as an indicator for pelvic lymph node involvement and survival. J Urol. 2007; 177:947.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. afdeling Urologie, HagaZiekenhuis, Den Haag, The Netherlands

    M.A. Salomons MD & H. Roshani PhD

  2. afdeling Pathologie, Vrije Universiteit medisch centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    A. Navabifard-Jahromi MD

  3. afdeling Pathologie, HagaZiekenhuis, Den Haag, The Netherlands

    J.S. van der Laan MD

Authors
  1. M.A. Salomons MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Navabifard-Jahromi MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J.S. van der Laan MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. H. Roshani PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M.A. Salomons MD.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Salomons, M., Navabifard-Jahromi, A., van der Laan, J. et al. Case report. Een cutane metastase van peniscarcinoom in het gelaat: een zeer slechte prognostische factor. Tijdschrift voor Urologie 3, 94–97 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13629-013-0060-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13629-013-0060-6

Trefwoorden:

Keywords:

Search

Navigation