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Antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsion encapsulated with polyphenon 60 and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of urinary tract infection

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Abstract

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is a broad spectrum synthetic antibiotic that can be used to treat many bacterial infections. But the rising antibiotic resistance has limited its use. Combining it with a natural antimicrobial compound could enhance the therapeutic value as well as effectiveness against resistant bacteria. In the present work, a nanoemulsion loaded with polyphenon 60 and Cipro was analyzed by using different assays such as microtiter dish biofilm assay to check the antibacterial potential, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) to analyze cyto-toxicity of formulation, adhesion assay and confocal laser microscopy to identify the mechanism of antibacterial effect of the formulation. Further, growth of Escherichia coli in the presence of nanoemulsion was also recorded. The antibacterial study showed that the nanoemulsion inhibited the formation of biofilm with average % inhibition of 89% as compared to aqueous formulation showing average % inhibition of 67% at their minimum inhibitory concentrations. The cell toxicity studies confirmed that the nano formulation was not toxic against vero cells with % viability of ~ 78% than the aqueous solution ~ 61% and placebo ~ 37%. The nanoemulsion was also able to inhibit the bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and growth of E. coli at the 2nd hour of inoculation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the formulation exert its antibacterial activity by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. Hence, the results concluded that the developed nanoemulsion loaded with polyphenon 60 and Cipro had enhanced antibacterial activity and it could further be explored for the management of urinary tract infection.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, UP (India), for providing infrastructural support. We are also thankful to Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for providing financial support for conducting this work (DBT Project No. BT/PR7215/NNT/28/654/2013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Novel Drug Delivery Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Sector 62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Atinderpal Kaur, Reema Gabrani & Shweta Dang

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  1. Atinderpal Kaur
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  2. Reema Gabrani
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  3. Shweta Dang
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Correspondence to Shweta Dang.

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Atinderpal Kaur has no conflict of interest. Reema Gabrani has no conflict of interest. Shweta Dang has no conflict of interest.

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Kaur, A., Gabrani, R. & Dang, S. Antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsion encapsulated with polyphenon 60 and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of urinary tract infection. ADV TRADIT MED (ADTM) 20, 581–589 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-020-00483-1

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