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Effect of digestive enzymes on antimicrobial, radical scavenging and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of camel colostrum and milk proteins

Dairy Science & Technology volume 94, pages 205–224 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

Camel milk and colostrum are known to be a rich source of bioactive proteins. Camel milk, colostrum and colostral whey proteins were successively hydrolysed by pepsin and pancreatin using an in vitro protocol mimicking gastro-intestinal digestion. The degradation of proteins was characterised by electrophoresis and reversed-phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Two whey proteins, α-lactalbumin and immunoglobulins G, were more resistant to the digestive proteolytic enzymes than other camel milk and colostrum proteins. Undigested and digested samples were assayed for their antioxidant, angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory and antimicrobial properties. Camel colostrum, colostral whey and milk proteins had unveiled angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity following in vitro enzymatic digestion and a higher free radical scavenging activity than before their digestion. Moreover, Escherichia coli XL1 blue and Listeria innocua LRGIA01 cells growth were both inhibited by undigested and digested samples, suggesting that antimicrobial proteins resisted to the action of digestive enzymes or that antimicrobial fragments of camel milk and colostrum proteins were released or both. After pepsin and pancreatin hydrolysis, camel milk and colostrum proteins digests still had an antibacterial activity and their antioxidative and ACE-inhibitory activity even increased, suggesting that bioactive fragments of camel milk and colostrum proteins such as antioxidative and ACE-inhibitory peptides were released. Among 181 peptides identified by tandem mass spectrometry, 25 were homologous to known bioactive peptides, particularly with ACE inhibitors and free radical scavengers.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Ministère des Affaires Etrangères (France) for supporting Dr Halima El Hatmi’s stays (SSHN grants) in BioDyMIA (Université Lyon 1, France) and UR AFPA (Université de Lorraine, France) laboratories. The authors also thank IRA (Medenine, Tunisia) and University of Gabes (Tunisia) for supporting Mrs Zeineb Jrad’s stay in BioDyMIA laboratory, Dr Faïza Zidane (UR AFPA) for her good advices in the ACE-inhibitory activity assays and Mrs Claire Soligot-Hognon (UR AFPA) for technical assistance in UHPLC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Elevage et Faune Sauvage, Institut des Régions Arides de Médenine, Médenine, Tunisia

    Zeineb Jrad, Halima El Hatmi & Touhami Khorchani

  2. Université de Gabes, Département agro-alimentaire, Institut Supérieur de Biologie Appliquée de Médenine, Gabes, Tunisia

    Zeineb Jrad & Halima El Hatmi

  3. Université Lyon 1, BioDyMIA* (Bioingénierie et Dynamique Microbienne aux Interfaces Alimentaires) Equipe Mixte d’Accueil n°3733 ISARA Lyon, Université de Lyon, Technopole Alimentec—rue Henri de Boissieu, Bourg en Bresse, 01000, France

    Isabelle Adt, Pascal Degraeve & Nadia Oulahal

  4. Université de Lorraine, UR AFPA (Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux), Equipe PB2P (Protéolyse & Biofonctionnalités des Protéines et des Peptides), Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, 54506, France

    Jean-Michel Girardet & Céline Cakir-Kiefer

  5. INRA, UR AFPA Unité Sous Contrat 340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, 54506, France

    Jean-Michel Girardet & Céline Cakir-Kiefer

  6. INRA, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l’Œuf, 35042, Rennes, France

    Julien Jardin

  7. Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l’Œuf, 35042, Rennes, France

    Julien Jardin

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  1. Zeineb Jrad
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  2. Halima El Hatmi
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  3. Isabelle Adt
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Correspondence to Halima El Hatmi.

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Jrad, Z., El Hatmi, H., Adt, I. et al. Effect of digestive enzymes on antimicrobial, radical scavenging and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of camel colostrum and milk proteins. Dairy Sci. & Technol. 94, 205–224 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13594-013-0154-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13594-013-0154-1

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