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Genetically engineered rice with appA gene enhanced phosphorus and minerals

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Abstract

Phytic acid is the major source of phosphorus and other mineral bound compounds in many plant tissues especially seeds and bran of cereals. During germination, phytase enzyme degrades phytic acid and bound phosphate and minerals are released. The monogastric animal cannot digest phytate due to lack of the phytase enzyme. Considering that, we have generated low phytate rice by over expressing appA gene cloned from E. coli under the aleurone-specific promoter of maize zein gene. Molecular analysis confirmed the stable integration of transgene and plants were grown up to T3 generation. The T3 seeds showed around 45% decrease in seed phytate content with a fourfold increase of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) level. The enhanced iron and zinc was twofold and threefold respectively in polished seeds of transgenic plants. There was no change in germination behaviour and other morphological traits in transgenic seeds. Thus, this result provides evidence that tissue-specific expression of bacterial phytase can lead to the reduction of phytic acid in rice seeds without hampering its other physiological processes and phenotypic cost.

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Abbreviations

appA :

Apoplastic periplasmic protein A

imp :

Inositol mono phosphatase

itpk :

Inositol 1,3,4 trisphosphate 5/6 kinase

ipk1 :

Inositol 1,3,4,5,6 pentakisphosphate 2-kinase

mips :

Myo-inositol phosphate synthase

lpa :

Low phytic acid

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to ICAR (Sanction No. DRR/CRP/Biofortification/2015) and DBT, (Sanction number: BT/PR12656/COE/34/22/2015) for the financial support. Ms. Sayani Majumdar for laboratory assistance, Mr. Pratap Ghosh and Mr. Sujoy Mondal for greenhouse work are duly acknowledged. We also acknowledge Mr. Rahul Bezbaruah, Scientific Officer (Chemical), National Test House, Govt. of India, Kolkata, for his assistance in analysis of myo-inositol through GC–MS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Annex Building II, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India

    Sananda Bhattacharya, Shinjini Sengupta, Aritra Karmakar, Sailendra Nath Sarkar, Karabi Datta & Swapan Kumar Datta

  2. Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute (Main Campus), 93/1 APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India

    Gaurab Gangopadhyay

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  1. Sananda Bhattacharya
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  2. Shinjini Sengupta
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  3. Aritra Karmakar
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  4. Sailendra Nath Sarkar
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  5. Gaurab Gangopadhyay
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  6. Karabi Datta
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  7. Swapan Kumar Datta
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Contributions

SB designed and performed the experiments, wrote manuscript, prepared figures and tables. SSG and AK helped PCR screening. SNS guided in AAS experiment and helped in manuscript editing. GG helped in analysing the data, guided in experiments and helped in manuscript preparation. SKD and KD designed and supervised all the experiments, provided materials and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Swapan Kumar Datta.

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Bhattacharya, S., Sengupta, S., Karmakar, A. et al. Genetically engineered rice with appA gene enhanced phosphorus and minerals. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 28, 470–482 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-019-00505-3

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