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Molecular and biochemical characterization of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus resistance in leguminous host Vigna mungo

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Abstract

Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV)—the causal agent of the yellow mosaic disease is responsible for severe damage of crops that are of great economic importance. In the current study, we explored the process of MYMIV infection and its natural resistance by analysing the expression of early and late viral genes at different time points in the leaves of resistant and susceptible Vigna mungo plants. Accordingly, we have periodically evaluated several biochemical parameters commonly associated with oxidative status of resistant and susceptible V. mungo plants during MYMIV infection. Our study revealed that accumulation levels of the early as well as late expressed genes of MYMIV were low and high in the resistant and susceptible plants, respectively; whereas membrane stability index (MSI) exhibited an opposite response. Moreover, a decrease in the malondialdehyde levels along with an increase in the activities/levels of different antioxidant enzymes, total phenol and H2O2 was noted during the early stages of infection in the resistant plants. Such observations argue in favour of strong defensive capability of the resistant plants in restricting the accumulation of viral RNA and generation of harmful free radicals within the studied tissue. Collectively, it appears that obstruction of viral invasion in plant cell wall, restriction in viral DNA replication, and early onset of antioxidant defense responses altogether might be responsible for MYMIV natural resistance. Such information is helpful in understanding the pathogenesis of MYMIV infection and its resistance in V. mungo and other economically important crops.

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Abbreviations

MYMIV:

Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus

HR:

Hypersensitive reaction

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

POD:

Peroxidase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

CAT:

Catalase

YMD:

Yellow mosaic disease

ORFs:

Open reading frames

REP:

Replication initiator protein

TrAP:

Transcription activator protein

REn:

Replication enhancer

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction

ACT:

Actin

MSI:

Membrane stability index

TBA:

Thiobarbituric acid

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

GAE:

Gallic acid

NBT:

Nitroblue tetrazolium

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

DMRT:

Duncan’s multiple range test

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Acknowledgement

Authors express deep gratitude to Prof. Amita Pal, Bose Institute, Kolkata for providing T9 and VM1 seeds and to Dr. Debasis Chattopadhyay, NIPGR, New-Delhi for providing plasmid constructs.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India

    Nibedita Chakraborty & Jolly Basak

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  1. Nibedita Chakraborty
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  2. Jolly Basak
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Correspondence to Jolly Basak.

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Chakraborty, N., Basak, J. Molecular and biochemical characterization of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus resistance in leguminous host Vigna mungo. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 27, 318–330 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-018-0441-2

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