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Evaluation of maize genotypes for fodder quality traits and SSR diversity

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Abstract

Maize is an important fodder resource for ruminants. The yield and quality of fodder is governed by genetic variability and interaction of genotypes with environment. Therefore, it is prerequisite to evaluate the available variability for fodder traits in maize. For this, 75 genotypes were evaluated in three replications for 2 years. Data were recorded on eight morphological traits including green fodder yield and dried fodder samples were evaluated for eight fodder quality traits. Wide range of estimates for fodder quality and productivity characters except DFF and LSR reflects the existence of significant variations among genotypes. ANOVA revealed significant variety × year interaction for seven traits. Plant height, stem girth, leaf-length and -width demonstrated positive correlation with green fodder yield per plant. Inverse association was observed between crude protein and cell wall component (NDF, hemicellulose). First three principle components explained 44.28% of the total variation. Two-way clustering grouped the genotypes and traits into five and three major clusters, respectively. During SSR analysis, a total of 133 alleles from 21 primers were generated with mean PIC value was 0.58. The genetic distance between genotypes was ranging between 0.16 and 0.75 with an average of 0.49. All genotypes were clustered in three main groups and clustering was consistent with genotype origin. A weak correlation was identified between morphological and molecular distance. Eventually results suggested that both morphotypes and molecular markers should exploit simultaneously to reveal the true genetic diversity to get maximum heterosis through hybridization.

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Abbreviations

SSR:

Simple sequence repeat

RCBD:

Randomized complete block design

NDF:

Neutral detergent fiber

ADF:

Acid detergent fiber

PCA:

Principal component analysis

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge the support provided by Unit Officer, Main Forage Research Station, Anand and Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, BACA, Anand. The study was partially supported by Gujarat State Biotechnology Mission (Grant No. GSBTM/MD/PROJECTS/SSA/1405/2014-15).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388110, India

    Mohammedtarik M. Saiyad & Sushil Kumar

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  1. Mohammedtarik M. Saiyad
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  2. Sushil Kumar
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Contributions

SK conceived and designed the experiments. M.M.S. carried out the field experiments, performed the molecular work and the biochemical analysis. SK analysed the data. Both authors have read the manuscript and agree with its content.

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Correspondence to Sushil Kumar.

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Saiyad, M.M., Kumar, S. Evaluation of maize genotypes for fodder quality traits and SSR diversity. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 27, 78–89 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-017-0418-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-017-0418-6

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