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Quantum Discord in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Systems at Room Temperature

  • General and Applied Physics
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Abstract

We review the theoretical and the experimental researches aimed at quantifying or identifying quantum correlations in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems at room temperature. We first overview, at the formal level, a method to determine the quantum discord and its classical counterpart in systems described by a deviation matrix. Next, we describe an experimental implementation of that method. Previous theoretical analysis of quantum discord decoherence had predicted the time dependence of the discord to change suddenly under the influence of phase noise. The experiment attests to the robustness of the effect, sufficient to confirm the theoretical prediction even under the additional influence of a thermal environment. Finally, we discuss an observable witness for the quantumness of correlations in two-qubit systems and its first NMR implementation. Should the nature, not the amount, of the correlation be under scrutiny, the witness offers the most attractive alternative.

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Notes

  1. Equation (24) contains the typical density operator describing the state of NMR systems.

  2. A modified version of this classicality witness was implemented in the optical context [36].

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support from UFABC, CNPq, CAPES, FAPESP, FAPERJ, and Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology for Quantum Information (INCT-IQ). The warm hospitality of Instituto de Física de São Carlos—Universidade de São Paulo (IFSC-USP) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), where the experiments were performed, is also acknowledge.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Bagé, 96413-170, Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    J. Maziero

  2. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Rua Jardim Botânico 1024, 22460-000, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    R. Auccaise

  3. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74.001-970, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    L. C. Céleri

  4. Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, P.O. Box 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

    D. O. Soares-Pinto, E. R. deAzevedo & T. J. Bonagamba

  5. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    R. S. Sarthour & I. S. Oliveira

  6. Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, R. Santa Adélia 166, 09210-170, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil

    R. M. Serra

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  1. J. Maziero
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Correspondence to R. M. Serra.

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Maziero, J., Auccaise, R., Céleri, L.C. et al. Quantum Discord in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Systems at Room Temperature. Braz J Phys 43, 86–104 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-013-0118-1

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