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Development of metasurface based hyperthermia lens applicator for heating of cancerous tissues

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Abstract

Numerous designs and methods have been examined to improve penetration depth (PD), but there is a need for research to explore the potential increase in PD through uniform heating, a compact applicator, and low input power. This paper presents metasurface based hyperthermia lens applicator with water bolus for uniform heating of cancerous tissues. The proposed applicator consists of a stacked spiral antenna and a spiral-shaped frequency selective surface as a superstrate. The spiral antenna and superstrate are optimized on a low cost FR4 substrate having a size of 32 × 32 × 3.27mm3 and 10 × 10 × 1.6mm3 (size of the unit cell), respectively. The proposed applicator is simulated with heterogeneous phantom (skin, fat, and muscle layers) and with the Gustav voxel model with and without a water bolus layer. The number of unit cells in the superstrate is optimized to direct the maximum energy toward the tumor location. The performance study of the applicator is carried out in terms of specific absorption rate, PD, and effective field size. Further, thermal analysis is carried out with 1.9 W of input power at the antenna port, and the highest 44.7 °C temperature rise is obtained. The cancerous tissue’s (tumor) surrounding temperature is between 41 and 45 °C, which is adequate for efficient hyperthermia treatment. Finally, the proposed metasurface hyperthermia lens applicator is fabricated and experimentally validated in a mimicked phantom’s presence.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to take an opportunity to thank the TIET-VT Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials (CEEMS), TIET for facilitating the laboratory and providing financial support to carry out this research.

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The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Nitika Sharma, Hari Shankar Singh, Rajesh Khanna, Amanpreet Kaur & Mayank Agarwal

  2. Thapar-VT Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials (CEEMS), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Nitika Sharma, Hari Shankar Singh, Rajesh Khanna, Amanpreet Kaur & Mayank Agarwal

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  1. Nitika Sharma
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Contributions

NS: Problem definition, analysis, write-up, and review. HSS: Analysis, write-up, and review. RK: Funding acquisition. AK: Review. MA: Write-up and review.

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Correspondence to Hari Shankar Singh.

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Sharma, N., Singh, H.S., Khanna, R. et al. Development of metasurface based hyperthermia lens applicator for heating of cancerous tissues. Biomed. Eng. Lett. 14, 1–12 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13534-023-00300-z

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