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Biomechanics of infarcted left ventricle: a review of modelling

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Abstract

Mathematical modelling in biomechanics of infarcted left ventricle (LV) serves as an indispensable tool for remodelling mechanism exploration, LV biomechanical property estimation and therapy assessment after myocardial infarction (MI). However, a review of mathematical modelling after MI has not been seen in the literature so far. In the paper, a systematic review of mathematical models in biomechanics of infarcted LV was established. The models include comprehensive cardiovascular system model, essential LV pressure–volume and stress-stretch models, constitutive laws for passive myocardium and scars, tension models for active myocardium, collagen fibre orientation optimization models, fibroblast and collagen fibre growth/degradation models and integrated growth-electro-mechanical model after MI. The primary idea, unique characteristics and key equations of each model were identified and extracted. Discussions on the models were provided and followed research issues on them were addressed. Considerable improvements in the cardiovascular system model, LV aneurysm model, coupled agent-based models and integrated electro-mechanical-growth LV model are encouraged. Substantial attention should be paid to new constitutive laws with respect to stress-stretch curve and strain energy function for infarcted passive myocardium, collagen fibre orientation optimization in scar, cardiac rupture and tissue damage and viscoelastic effect post-MI in the future.

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Abbreviations

2D:

Two-dimensional

3D:

Three-dimensional

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

d:

Day

DPVR:

Diastolic pressure–volume relation

ED:

End-diastolic or end of diastole

EDP:

End-diastolic pressure

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ES:

End-systolic or end of systole

ESP:

End-systolic pressure

ESPVR:

End-diastolic pressure–volume relations

FE:

Finite element

FEA:

Finite element analysis

FEM:

Finite element model

LGE:

Late gadolinium enhancement

LV:

Left ventricle

LVEDP:

Left ventricle end-diastolic pressure

LVESV:

Left ventricular systolic volume

MI:

Myocardial infarction

MMPs:

Matrix metalloproteinases

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

ODE:

Ordinary differential equation

PIM:

Percent inactive myocardium

PSM:

Percent shorting of myocardium

p–V :

Pressure–volume

RV:

Right ventricle

SAVER:

Surgical anterior ventricular restoration

TGF-β:

Transforming growing factor β

STE:

Speckle-tracking echocardiography

TIMPs:

Metalloproteinases

wk:

Week

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    Wenguang Li

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Li, W. Biomechanics of infarcted left ventricle: a review of modelling. Biomed. Eng. Lett. 10, 387–417 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13534-020-00159-4

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