Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Analysis of the gut microflora in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

  • Original Article
  • Published:
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy which is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Notably, recent studies have shown that differences in the distribution of gut microflora are strongly associated with the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. In this study, we aim to elucidate the association between GDM pathogenesis and distribution of gut microflora by quantifying the diversity of gut microflora in women with GDM.

Methods

For the experimental and control groups, 19 patients with GDM during 24–28 weeks gestation and 19 healthy pregnant women were selected, respectively. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to characterize the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from various intestinal bacteria obtained via the subjects’ stool.

Results

The richness and diversity of the pregnant women’s intestinal floras were similar between the experimental and control groups. However, the structural specificities of the intestinal floras between the two groups were significantly different, with the distributions of the thick-walled and actinomycetes phyla being generally lower in the experimental group compared with the control group (x2 = 729.902, p < 0.001; x2 = 26.880, p < 0.001), whereas the distribution of the anaphyla phylum was higher in the experimental group (x2 = 428.233, p < 0.001; x2 = 545.707, p < 0.001) The abundance of genera of Bacillus, A. tumefaciens, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in the experimental samples was much lower than that in the control samples, whereas the abundance of Prevotella, Escherichia, and Clostridium was higher than in the control samples (x2 = 250,741.608, p < 0.001; x2 = 576.128, p < 0.001; x2 = 6.945, p = 0.080).

Conclusion

In this study, the abundance and diversity of the intestinal floras were similar in both women with GDM and healthy pregnant women. Conversely, the specificities of the intestinal floras were significantly different between the two groups, with a relative decrease in the abundance of Actinobacteria and thick-walled phyla and a relative increase in the abundance of Aspergillus and Bacteroides phyla.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zhang Y, Han Y, Dong Q. The effect of individualized exercise prescriptions combined with dietary management on blood glucose in the second-and-third trimester of gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Transl Res. 2021;13(6):7388–93.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Ye Y, Xiong Y, Zhou Q, Wu J, Li X, Xiao X. Comparison of machine learning methods and conventional logistic regressions for predicting gestational diabetes using routine clinical data: a retrospective cohort study. J Diabetes Res. 2020;2020:4168340. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4168340.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Teng F, Wu J, Wei M, Yang Y. Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in umbilical vascular of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and the clinical significance. Exp Ther Med. 2018;15(1):914–8. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5475.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang X, Zhao X, Huo L, Yuan N, Sun J, Du J, Ji L. Risk prediction model of gestational diabetes mellitus based on nomogram in a Chinese population cohort study. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):21223. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78164-x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Kang S, Kim MH, Kim MY, Hong JS, Kwak SH, Choi SH, Jang HC. Progression to gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women with one abnormal value in repeated oral glucose tolerance tests. Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(5):607–14. https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0159.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhou X, Xiang C, Zheng X. miR-132 serves as a diagnostic biomarker in gestational diabetes mellitus and its regulatory effect on trophoblast cell viability. Diagn Pathol. 2019;14(1):119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-019-0899-9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Li S, Wang Z, Yang Y, Yang S, Yao C, Liu K, Guo G. Lachnospiraceae shift in the microbial community of mice faecal sample effects on water immersion restraint stress. AMB Express. 2017;7(1):82. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0383-4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Cai J, Zhou L, Song X, Yin M. Huang F (2020) Alteration of intestinal microbiota in 3-deoxyglucosone-induced prediabetic rats[J]. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020(6):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8406846.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Chen T, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Shan C, Zhang Y, Fang K, Shi Z. Relationships between gut microbiota, plasma glucose and gestational diabetes mellitus. Journal of diabetes investigation. 2021;12(4):641–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13373.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Meng X, Liu X, Tan J, Sheng Q, Zhang D, Li B, Zhang S. From Xiaoke to diabetes mellitus: a review of the research progress in traditional Chinese medicine for diabetes mellitus treatment. Chinese medicine. 2023;18(1):75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-023-00783-z.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang J, Zheng J, Shi W, Du N, Xu X, Zhang Y, Zhao F. Dysbiosis of maternal and neonatal microbiota associated with gestational diabetes mellitus. Gut. 2018;67(9):1614–25. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-315988.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ferrocino I, Ponzo V, Gambino R, Zarovska A, Leone F, Monzeglio C, Bo S. Changes in the gut microbiota composition during pregnancy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):12216. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30735-9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Li L, Qu M, Liu C, Xu L, Pan K, Song X, ..., Zhao X (2018) Lentinula edodes expression of a recombinant xylanase by and its effects on ruminal fermentation and microbial community in incubation of agricultural straws. Frontiers in microbiology 9:2944. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02944.

  14. Lee KH, Guo J, Song Y, Ariff A, O'Sullivan M, Hales B, ..., Zhang G (2021) Dysfunctional gut microbiome networks in childhood IgE-mediated food allergy. Int J Mol Sci 22(4). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042079.

  15. Cai XT, Lei MY, Huai-Tong XU (2018) Study on plasma D-dimer levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes during the middle and late stages of pregnancy and early puerperium. China Practical Medicine.

  16. Oli JM, Adeyemo AA, Okafor GO, Ofoegbu EN, Onyenekwe B, Chukwuka CJ, Rotimi CN. Basal insulin resistance and secretion in Nigerians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2009;7(6):595–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Foufelle F, Ferré P. Mechanism of storage and synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides in white adipocytes. In: Bastard J-P, Fève B, editors. Physiology and physiopathology of adipose tissue. Springer Paris; 2013. p. 101–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0343-2_8.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Duchmann R, May E, Heike M, Knolle P, Neurath M, Zum Buschenfelde KHM. T cell specificity and cross reactivity towards enterobacteria, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and antigens from resident intestinal flora in humans. Gut. 1999;44(6):812–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.44.6.812.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Berger ER, Iyengar NM. Obesity and energy balance considerations in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer J. 2021;27. https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000502.

  20. Al-Khayat T, Sc M. Glucose tolerance in pregnant women inflicted with Candida albicans.

  21. HäRtel C, Pagel J, Rupp J, Bendiks M, Guthmann F, Rieger-Fackeldey E, Zimmermann B. Prophylactic use of Lactobacillus acidophilus/Bifidobacterium infantis probiotics and outcome in very low birth weight infants. J Pediatr. 2014;165(2):285–289.e281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.04.029.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Tang JN, Zeng ZG, Wang HN, Yang T, Zou LK. An effective method for isolation of DNA from pig faeces and comparison of five different methods. J Microbiol Methods. 2008;75(3):432–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.07.014.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Limdi JK, O’Neill C, Mclaughlin J. Do probiotics have a therapeutic role in gastroenterology? 2006;12(034):5447–57.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Chu X, Yan P, Zhang N, Feng L, Li X, Wang Y, Yang K. Probiotics for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus in overweight or obese pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical nutrition ESPEN. 2022;50:84–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.05.007.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Li G, Feng H, Mao X, Deng Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Xiao S. The effects of probiotics supplementation on glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. J Transl Med. 2023;21(1):442. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04306-0.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Yun HO, Choi S, Lee G, Son JS, Sang MP. Changes in body composition are associated with metabolic changes and the risk of metabolic syndrome. J Clin Med. 2021;10(4):745.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Rong B, Wu Q, Reiter RJ, Sun C. The mechanism of oral melatonin ameliorates intestinal and adipose lipid dysmetabolism through reducing Escherichia coli-derived lipopolysaccharide - ScienceDirect. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;12(5):1643–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank the clinicians in this group for their perseverance and dedication, and the editors for their comments on this article.

Funding

This research is supported by the Heilongjiang Provincial Health and Wellness Commission Research Project (No.2020–235).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Xuping Wang and Bingfeng Bian contributed equally to this work and they were both co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, No.82 Zhongshan Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China

    Xuping Wang, Bingfeng Bian, Fuman Du, Chaofeng Xiang, Yu Liu, Na Li & Binhong Duan

Authors
  1. Xuping Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bingfeng Bian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fuman Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Chaofeng Xiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yu Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Na Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Binhong Duan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Binhong Duan.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital (096JY02).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, X., Bian, B., Du, F. et al. Analysis of the gut microflora in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-023-01262-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-023-01262-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation