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Bio-demographical determinants of diabetes among women in reproductive age group (15–49) in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey (NFHS) of India, 2019–2021

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International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

Diabetes is a non-communicable disease, and the prevalence of diabetes is higher in low and middle-income countries. In India, diabetes prevalence has been observed, with some regional variations across the states. This study analyses the current scenario of diabetes in India among women of the reproductive age group between 15 to 49 years.

Methods

For conducting this study, data were gathered from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (2019–2021). It is a two-stage cross-sectional stratified sampling survey that employs the probability proportional to size methodology. A total of 6,59,010 individual reproductive-age women have been sampled for this study. Data were analyzed using the Stata version 14 software. A binary logistic model was carried out to know the relationships between diabetes and various socioeconomic and demographic variables. In addition, the adjusted odds ratio was reported with a 95% confidence interval.

Results

The result shows that about 1.65% of reproductive age group women in India are diabetic with the highest in Goa (4.09%) and the lowest in Nagaland (0.81%). Further, in urban areas, the women's diabetes rate is 16% higher than in the rural areas. Besides, diabetes is strongly correlated with obese reproductive age-group women who are above 35 years and reside in urban areas with higher socioeconomic status.

Conclusion

This study suggests that there is an urgent need for frequent monitoring of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Besides, a spatially-optimized target-oriented policy framework is needed instead of a comprehensive national policy to tackle diabetes problems in the country.

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Data availability

This study is based on the secondary data source that is available in the public domain through the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) website (https://dhsprogram.com/data/available-datasets.cfm). The relevant authorities have obtained the necessary ethical approval for this survey. As a result, no additional ethical approval is required for this study.

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Acknowledgment

The authors are thankful to the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) website for permitting us to download the dataset and International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) for creating data available for the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography and Resource Management, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India

    Chandan Roy, Vishwambhar Prasad Sati & Amit Biswas

  2. Department of Population and Development, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India

    Sourav Biswas

  3. Department of Geography, Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India

    Saurav Kumar

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Contributions

CR, SB, and VPS contributed to the conceptualization and study design. CR and SB performed the statistical analysis. CR, and SB interpreted the results and discussed the findings. CR, SB, VPS, AB, and SK drafted and finalized the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chandan Roy.

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Ethical approval

The necessary ethical approval has been taken by the respective authorities for this cross-sectional survey (NFHS-5). Hence, there is no need to take additional ethical approval for this study.

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Roy, C., Biswas, S., Sati, V.P. et al. Bio-demographical determinants of diabetes among women in reproductive age group (15–49) in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey (NFHS) of India, 2019–2021. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-023-01237-w

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