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Relationship of HbA1c with plasma atherogenic index and non-HDL cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Abstract

Purpose

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The plasma atherogenic index (PAI) has been suggested as a novel marker of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The present study is conducted to investigate the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), non-HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, and atherogenic index within patients with T2DM.

Materials and methods

A total of 4252 patients with T2DM were screened retrospectively and parameters including glucose, HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, TSH, age, and gender were recorded. Non-HDL cholesterol and PAI were calculated as follows:

$$ \mathrm{PAI}=\mathrm{TG}\div \mathrm{HDL}\ \mathrm{cholesterol} $$
$$ \mathrm{non}-\mathrm{HDL}=\mathrm{total}\ \mathrm{cholesterol}-\mathrm{HDL}\ \mathrm{cholesterol} $$

Results

Mean age was 57.06 ± 11.39 years. Mean HbA1c was 8.49 ± 1.86%, PAI ratio was 4.12 ± 3.88 mg/dl, and mean non-HDL cholesterol was 156.50 ± 45.39 mg/dl. Non-HDL cholesterol (r = 0.427; p < 0.001), HbA1c (r = 0.163; p < 0.001), and glucose (r = 0.154; p < 0.001) showed a significantly positive correlation with PAI.

Conclusion

Although a respectable attention is drawn to non-HDL cholesterol based on the present data, PAI may have a stronger relationship with HbA1c in patients with T2DM. PAI may be beneficial in predicting patients who have high risk for CVD in clinical practice.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Zuhuratbaba Mh, Tevfik Saglam Cd. No:11, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey

    Evin Bozkur, Ayse Esen, Yasemin Sefika Akdeniz, Hamide Piskinpasa, Sema Dogansen, Ilkay Cakir & Meral Mert

  2. Department of Primary Care, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ozlem Polat

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases, Private Atakent Hospital, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Yildiz Okuturlar

Authors
  1. Evin Bozkur
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  2. Ayse Esen
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Contributions

EB has made substantial contributions to the conception and design. AE, OP, YSA, HP, SD, and IC have made contributions to the acquisition of data. YO has made contributions to analysis and interpretation of data. EB, MM, and IC have given final approval of the version to be published.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Evin Bozkur.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the İstanbul SBU, Bakirkoy, Dr. Sadi Konuk SUAM Ethical Committee.

Additional information

The sample sizes are very limited in the previous studies that investigate the correlation between PAI and glucose and HbA1c levels. The data gained with this study show that the atherogenic index and non-HDL cholesterol values increase with the elevated levels of HbA1c. Although non-HDL cholesterol is paid more attention in clinical practice, PAI may have a stronger relationship with HbA1c in diabetic patients. Paying enough attention to PAI may be beneficial for long-term cardiovascular risk management in diabetic patients.

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Bozkur, E., Esen, A., Polat, O. et al. Relationship of HbA1c with plasma atherogenic index and non-HDL cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 41, 302–306 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-020-00884-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-020-00884-7

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