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Prognostic and therapeutic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with lung cancer

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Abstract

Background

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the main cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In spite of various efforts that have been made to facilitate the early diagnosis of lung cancer, most patients are diagnosed when the disease is already in stage IV, which is generally associated with the occurrence of distant metastases and a poor survival. Moreover, a large proportion of these patients will relapse after treatment, heralding the need for the stratification of lung cancer patients in addition to identifying those who are at a higher risk of relapse and, thus, require alternative and/or additional therapies. Recently, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been considered as valuable markers for the early diagnosis, prognosis and risk stratification of cancer patients, and they have been found to be able to predict the survival of patients with various types of cancer, including lung cancer. Additionally, the characterization of CTCs has recently provided fascinating insights into the heterogeneity of tumors, which may be instrumental for the development of novel targeted therapies.

Conclusions

Here we review our current understanding of the significance of CTCs in lung cancer metastasis. We also discuss prominent studies reporting the utility of enumeration and characterization of CTCs in lung cancer patients as prognostic and pharmacodynamic biomarkers for those who are at a higher risk of metastasis and drug resistance.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Meysam Yousefi, Arash Salmaninejad & Yousef Jafari Abarghan

  2. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Meysam Yousefi

  3. Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Parisa Ghaffari & Seyed H. Ghaffari

  4. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

    Rahim Nosrati

  5. Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Rahim Nosrati

  6. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Sadegh Dehghani

  7. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Arash Salmaninejad

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  1. Meysam Yousefi
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Yousefi, M., Ghaffari, P., Nosrati, R. et al. Prognostic and therapeutic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with lung cancer. Cell Oncol. 43, 31–49 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-019-00470-y

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