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Effects of edible red sea algae (Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris) on some antioxidants and liver parameters of diabetic rats

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Abstract

Algae and their food products are in a great interest worldwide because of their nutritional value and health benefits. These edible substances are an excellent supply of antioxidants, high-quality protein, and fibers. The present work therefore targeted assessing Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis) (Cyanobacteria) and Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) (Chlorophyta) nutritional value and exploring A. platensis and C. vulgaris effects on hepatic enzymes and antioxidants in diabetic rats. A total of 48 healthy adult albino male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain were assigned into 8 groups (n = 6). They were gavaged with 0, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of Ap and Cv extract. The first group were healthy rats fed on basal diet only, also known as the control negative (−ve) group, and seven other groups which induced diabetes by 120 mg/kg alloxan were as follows: groups 3, 4, and 5 treated with Spirulina are given 100, 200, 300 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, for 30 days and groups 6, 7, and 8 treated with Chlorella are given 100, 200, 300 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, for 30 days. By the end, sampling of blood was done to evaluate some biochemical markers encompassing trace minerals, hepatorenal functional indexes, malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidants, and total protein (TP). Current findings revealed significant increase of plasma concentration hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT), creatinine, urea, and MDA but decrease in antioxidant enzymes, GSH, and TP in diabetic rats. However, an oral supplement of A. platensis or C. vulgaris (100, 200 ,and 300 mg/kg of body weight) lowered the levels of AST, ALT, creatinine, urea, and MDA and increased antioxidants and Tp. Diabetes decreased the plasma levels of antioxidants and also increased hepatic enzymes. The inclusion of A. platensis and C. vulgaris supplementing 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of body weight increased some antioxidant enzymes, Tp, and GLP while lowered the levels of MDA, AST, ALT, creatinine, and urea. Our findings suggest that A. platensis and C. vulgaris are promising natural sources with nutritional and functional properties that allowed them to be used for the nutritional management of diabetic patients.

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Data availability

All the datasets used and/or analyzed in this study are available in the manuscript and supplementary information can be asked from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the deanship of scientific research at the University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for funding this work through research group fund no. RGP-S-1441-0091.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Amani Ali Shaman

  2. Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Nahla S. Zidan

  3. Department of Home Economic, Faculty of Specific Education, University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt

    Nahla S. Zidan

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Hebatallah Husseini Atteia

  5. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Hebatallah Husseini Atteia

  6. Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Tayel

  7. Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Sharifa Alzahrani

  8. Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Laila A. AlBishi

  9. Department of Clinical Nutrition, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

    Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh

  10. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed I. Sakran

  11. Biochemistry Section, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Mohamed I. Sakran

  12. Department of Home Economic, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Fayza M. Elezaly

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  1. Amani Ali Shaman
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  6. Laila A. AlBishi
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  7. Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh
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  9. Fayza M. Elezaly
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Contributions

Amani Ali Shaman, Nahla S. Zidan, Hebatallah Husseini Atteia, Ahmed A. Tayel, Sharifa Alzahrani, Laila A. AlBishi, Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh, Mohamed I. Sakran, and Fayza M. Elezaly: methodology, Analysis, data curation, writing—original draft, writing—review, and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nahla S. Zidan.

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All trials were carried out in conformity with the ethics committee of Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. The rats were cared for following NIH guidelines for adequate animal handling and management.

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Shaman, A.A., Zidan, N.S., Atteia, H.H. et al. Effects of edible red sea algae (Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris) on some antioxidants and liver parameters of diabetic rats. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04866-7

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