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One-pot synthesis of Ag-Cr bimetallic nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus for anti-bacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity study in zebrafish

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Abstract

The present work attempts to discover an alternative to conventional medications from organic biomass that can be utilized for various therapeutic applications. Bimetallic silver chromium nanoparticles (AgCr nanoparticles) were synthesized in this study by reducing silver nitrate and chromium nitrate in an aqueous extract of Catharanthus roseus that was noted by the visible color change. The synthesized AgCr nanoparticles were assessed using UV–Vis, SEM–EDX, XRD, and FTIR techniques. The surface plasmon absorbance of AgCr nanoparticles was correlated with a peak in the UV–Vis region of the aqueous solution containing silver chromium particles at 420 nm and 370 nm confirming the presence of both silver and chromium. Using a scanning electron microscope, AgCr nanoparticles were found to have sizes ranging from 30 to 70 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of silver and chromium nanoparticles confirming the formation of crystalline nanoparticles. XRD spectrum confirmed the presence of peaks of silver chromium nanoparticles and their crystalline structure. The occurrence of functional groups in AgCr nanoparticles was demonstrated via Fourier transform infrared analysis. Antibacterial activities of synthetic nanoparticles have also been revealed to have potential antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis. The anticancer activity of AgCr bimetallic nanoparticles against Hep G2 cell lines was evaluated using the MTT assay to be 45.02 (µg/ml). The inhibition of α-amylases by AgCr nanoparticles was revealed to have anti-diabetic activity in vitro. The anti-inflammatory activity of AgCr nanoparticles was evaluated using the albumin denaturation assay that served to have enhanced activity than standard. The toxicity study was analyzed on zebrafish at different concentrations by monitoring their survival rate. AgCr nanoparticles were biosynthesized using C. roseus aqueous extract, demonstrating to have antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory characteristics.

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Funding

The authors express their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2023R228), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600005, Tamilnadu, India

    P. Abirami

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai, 602025, Tamilnadu, India

    Shobana Sampath

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Mysoon M. Al-Ansari & Nora Dahmash Al-Dahmash

  4. School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK

    Bruno Silvester Lopes

  5. National Horizons Centre, Darlington, UK

    Bruno Silvester Lopes

  6. Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy, Loyola College, Chennai, 600034, Tamilnadu, India

    S. Vincent

  7. AMR and Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600077, Tamilnadu, India

    Muthupandian Saravanan

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  1. P. Abirami
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Contributions

Abirami.P: data collection, investigation, writing (original draft preparation)

Shobana Sampath: investigation, writing (review and editing)

Mysoon M. Al-Ansari: investigation, validation, resources

Nora Dahmash Al-Dahmash: investigation, writing (original draft preparation)

B.S. Lopes: Formal Analysis, validation, writing (review and editing)

S.Vincent: supervision, formal analysis, resources

Muthupandian Saravanan: conceptualization, investigation, supervision, writing (review and editing)

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muthupandian Saravanan.

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Abirami, P., Sampath, S., Al-Ansari, M.M. et al. One-pot synthesis of Ag-Cr bimetallic nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus for anti-bacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity study in zebrafish. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04767-9

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