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Recovery of iron with torrefied agricultural and forestry biomasses within circular economy concept

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Abstract

This study aimed to recover waste with other waste as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. Following this purpose, iron recovery from waste steel slag using different agricultural and forestry wastes was investigated. This study was carried out mainly in three stages: torrefaction of biomasses, leaching of Fe from waste steel slag with nitric acid, and adsorption of Fe with torrefied biomasses. Each biomass was used as an adsorbent for recovery studies after the torrefaction process at 270 °C for 60 min. According to the results of acidic leaching studies, it was stated that Fe leaching efficiency was between 38.5 and 140%. The effects of contact time and adsorbent dose were investigated in adsorption studies carried out with a leaching solution (Fe concentration 3682 mg/L, pH 0.60). The results showed that with 2 g/L torrefied pine needle, green walnut shell, and pomegranate seed biomasses (at 20 °C, 150 rpm, and 120 min contact time), 87.94%, 89.22%, and 87.09% Fe recovery was obtained respectively. Torrefied biomass could be a promising adsorbent and iron could be recovered in an environmental friendly way from steel slag.

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Acknowledgements

This study was produced from the master thesis of Ecem Portakal. This work was supported by the Research Projects Funding Unit of the Suleyman Demirel University (project no. BAP FYL-2021-8426). The authors would like to thank SDU-BAP for supporting the project.

Funding

This work was supported by the Research Projects Funding Unit of the Suleyman Demirel University (project no. BAP FYL-2021–8426).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey

    Ecem Portakal

  2. Environmental Protection Technologies Department/Aksu Mehmet Süreyya Demirarslan Vocational School, ISUBU, 32510, Isparta, Turkey

    Melda Basbug Canci

  3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey

    Emine Sayilgan

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  1. Ecem Portakal
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All the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation data collection and analysis were performed by Ecem Portakal, Melda Basbug Canci, and Emine Sayilgan. The first draft was written by Ecem Portakal, Melda Basbug Canci, and Emine Sayilgan, and all the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Melda Basbug Canci.

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Portakal, E., Basbug Canci, M. & Sayilgan, E. Recovery of iron with torrefied agricultural and forestry biomasses within circular economy concept. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 1261–1274 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04423-2

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