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Conversion of Posidonia oceanica wastes into alternative feed for ruminants by treatment with microwaves and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes produced by fermentation of Trichoderma longibrachiatum

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Abstract

Posidonia oceanica wastes is abundant biomass in Mediterranean coasts characterized by a high content of dietary fiber and polyphenolic compounds and pose a serious pollution problem. The aim of this study was to valorize these seagrasses into suitable alternative feed for ruminants through conversion approach with microwaves treatment at a power of 750 W for 240 s and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) produced by fermentation of Trichoderma longibrachiatum at a rate of 4 μl/g dry matter for 24 h.

The results showed that microwave treatment improved the amount of rumen fermentation and digestibility of cell wall polysaccharides and dry matter without altering the fermentation rate. The EFE treatments stimulated the rate of rumen fermentation especially in the initial phase and reduced the half-time of fermentation. The effect of EFE became less pronounced with increasing incubation time, as well as did not affect amount of rumen fermentation and digestibility. Only microwave treatment followed by EFE converted some of their cellulose and hemicellulose to reducing sugars. This modification provides a suitable substrate for proliferation of rumen protozoa, accelerates rumen fermentation process, shortens time of onset of rumen fermentation, and increases extent of rumen fermentation. As a result, their digestibility and net energy available for lactation are improved. In addition, this approach stimulates rumen microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids and to bio-convert rumen ammonia nitrogen to microbial protein. This environmentally friendly process could be used to convert these seagrass wastes into suitable ruminant feeds.

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Data availability 

The datasets and materials used during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

A:

Amount of rumen fermentation

AFR:

Average fermentation rate

C:

Rate of fermentation

EFE:

Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

GP:

Net gas production

GP24 :

Net gas production after 24 h of incubation

Lag:

Time of the onset of fermentation

SEM:

Standard error of means

t:

Incubation time

T1/2 :

Half-time of amount of rumen fermentation

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Funding

This research was supported by the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition: Management of the Health and Quality of Animal Production [LR14AGR03] (Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tunisia).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Nutrition Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, 2020, Manouba, Tunisia

    Khalil Abid, Jihene Jabri, Hela Yaich, Atef Malek, Jamel Rekhis & Mohamed Kamoun

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  1. Khalil Abid
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  2. Jihene Jabri
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Contributions

Conceptualization, KA and MK. Methodology, KA and MK. Format analyses and investigation, KA, JJ, and HY. Writing draft, KA. Resource, AM, JR, and MK. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Khalil Abid.

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Abid, K., Jabri, J., Yaich, H. et al. Conversion of Posidonia oceanica wastes into alternative feed for ruminants by treatment with microwaves and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes produced by fermentation of Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 16529–16536 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-03830-9

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