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Improving the nutritional value and rumen fermentation characteristics of sesame seed coats through bioconversion approach using exogenous fibrolytic enzymes produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum

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Abstract

Sesame seed coat (SSC), agro-industrial waste of Halava, is characterized by high fiber content, moderate energy, low digestibility, and sugar. The aim of this study was to improve their nutritional value and rumen fermentation characteristics through a bioconversion approach using liquid exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum. SSC was pre-treated for 12 h with EFE (xylanases, endoglucanase, and exoglucanase) at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 4 µl g−1 dry matter (DM). The in vitro gas production technique with cow inoculum was used to determine rumen fermentation. At the end of fermentation, dry matter digestibility (DMD) as well as protozoa, ruminal fibrolytic enzyme activity, ruminal pH, and ammonia–nitrogen (NH3-N) were determined, and net energy-lactation (NEL), total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial crude protein synthesis (MCP) were estimated. Our results showed that the highest dose of EFE improved the amount and rate of rumen fermentation (p < 0.05) and decreased lag time in onset of fermentation (p < 0.05). In addition, it increased (p < 0.05) DMD, NEL, SCFA, and MCP, while NH3-N decreased (p < 0.05) and ruminal pH was unaffected (p > 0.05). This result was due to hydrolysis (p < 0.05) of fiber content and release (p < 0.05) of total and reducing sugars, as well as the increase (p < 0.05) of ruminal fibrolytic enzyme activity and protozoa. The low and medium had no effect on the nutritional value of SSC. This eco-friendly bioprocess with the high dose of EFE can be a good strategy for bioconversion of these agro-industrial wastes into high-energy feeds.

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Data availability

The datasets and materials used during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

ADF :

Acid detergent fiber

ADL :

Acid detergent lignin

B :

Asymptotic gas

C :

Constant gas rate

CP :

Crude protein

DM :

Dry matter

DMD :

Dry matter digestibility

EE :

Ether extracts

EFE :

Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes

GP :

Net gas production

GP24 :

Net gas production after 24 h of incubation

NDF :

Neutral detergent fiber

NEL :

Net energy lactation

MCP :

Microbial crude protein synthesis

SCFA :

Short-chain fatty acids

SEM :

Standard error of means

SSC :

Sesame seed coat

t :

Incubation time

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the Animal Nutrition Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine Sidi Thabet (Tunisia).

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  1. Animal Nutrition Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, 2020, Manouba, Tunisia

    Khalil Abid, Jihene Jabri, Hela Yaich, Atef Malek, Jamel Rekhis & Mohamed Kamoun

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  1. Khalil Abid
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Contributions

Methodology and conception, KA and MK; analyses and investigation, KA, JJ, and HY; software, KA; Resource and project administration AM, JR, and MK, writing draft, KA. All authors read and approved to the published version of the paper.

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Correspondence to Khalil Abid.

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Abid, K., Jabri, J., Yaich, H. et al. Improving the nutritional value and rumen fermentation characteristics of sesame seed coats through bioconversion approach using exogenous fibrolytic enzymes produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 14917–14925 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03402-3

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