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Improving long-cycle stability of rice husk–derived Si/C by coating it with rationally designed carbon

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Abstract

Conversion of rice husk into Si/C as Li-ion battery anode material is an attractive route for its value-added utilization. However, it is hard to endow the Si/C with long-cycle stability, which was related to the exposure of Si on material surface. To improve the stability, in this study, a carbon coating was created for Si/C obtained by low-temperature reduction of rice husk char. The carbon coating was adjusted by varying the type of carbon precursors (glucose, phenolic resin, and pitch) with different aromatic carbon contents. After coating Si/C with the carbon derived from precursor with low aromatic carbon content (namely glucose), its long-cycle capacity, rate performance, and initial Coulombic efficiency were all increased, as the coating was favorable for increasing the surface Si coverage, bulk-carbon graphitization degree, and mesopores of material. The Si/C coated by glucose carbon showed a discharge capacity of 811 mAh/g after 1100 cycles at 0.5 A/g current density. Such a high long-cycle capacity was rare for biomass-derived Si/C composites. This research provided a route to transform sustainable rice husk into Li-ion anode material with long-cycle stability.

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Funding

The authors received the financial supports of the CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials (No.: KLCMKFJJ2013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266555, China

    Dawei Li, Xilu Yan, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yanan Pang, Peijie Zong & Yuanyu Tian

  2. College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China

    Xin Gu

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266580, China

    Guixia Lu

  4. Qingdao Ocean Shipping Mariners College, Qingdao, 266400, China

    Miaomiao Yu

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  1. Dawei Li
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  4. Xin Gu
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Contributions

Li Dawei and Tian Yuanyu designed the experiment and provided the experimental conditions. Yan Xilu and Zhang Xiaoxiao conducted experiments and wrote the original manuscript. Pang Yanan and Zong Peijie helped carry out the experiments. Li Dawei, Gu Xin, and Lu Guixia modified the original manuscript. Li Dawei, Yan Xilu, and Yu Miaomiao have revised the manuscript. Li Dawei edited the final version of the manuscript.

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Li, D., Yan, X., Zhang, X. et al. Improving long-cycle stability of rice husk–derived Si/C by coating it with rationally designed carbon. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 11419–11433 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03210-9

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