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Biobased carbon for effective removal of rhodamine B and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution: kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic study

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Abstract

We synthesized waste biomass-based partly graphitized activated carbon from Samanea saman waste pods (SSWPAC) and used it to remove hazardous dye rhodamine B (Rh B) and metal Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbent showed a remarkable surface area of 546.016 m2 g−1. The adsorbent was characterized by applying Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Within 50 min, 99.2% elimination of Rh B dye was observed at pH 2 using 1.0 g L−1 of the adsorbent, while Cr(VI) removal was 98.3% at pH 2 using 2.5 g L−1 of the adsorbent within 120 min at room temperature. The correlation coefficient R2 favored pseudo-second-order kinetics in kinetic analyses of both adsorption processes. The isotherm experimental values of Rh B and Cr(VI) fits to Freundlich adsorption systems with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.998 and 0.999 respectively. The results showed maximum adsorption capacity of SSWPAC for Rh B (101.01 mg g−1) and Cr(VI) (64.52 mg g−1). The phytotoxicity study exhibited successful removal of these pollutants from the solutions under study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to UGC-SAP and DST-FIST, and DST-PURSE, for the financial support and instrument facilities at the Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. This work was partly supported by the Human Resources Development Program (No. 20194030202470) of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) Grant funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and was partially supported by the Priority Research Centres Program through the NRF, Korea, funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2018R1A6A1A03024334).

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  1. Analytical Chemistry and Material Science Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416 004, MS, India

    Pramod Kumbhar, Suryakant Patil, Dattatray Narale, Ashish Sartape, Chitra Jambhale & Sanjay Kolekar

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea

    Jin-Hyeok Kim

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Kumbhar, P., Patil, S., Narale, D. et al. Biobased carbon for effective removal of rhodamine B and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution: kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic study. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 3535–3550 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02625-8

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