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Properties of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) biomass particleboard at different maleic acid content and particle size as potential materials for table tennis blade

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Abstract

Natural adhesives made from non-fossil resources are expected to grow significantly in the future. This study analyzes the effects of maleic acid (MA) content and particle size class on the physical and mechanical characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) biomass particleboard (SBMA-particleboard) as potential materials for table tennis blade. MA content was varied in the range of 5 to 20 wt%, while SBMA-particleboard were manufactured using various particles size class and target densities of 300 mm × 300 mm × 0.6 cm and 600 kg/m3, respectively. The result showed that the physical and mechanical properties of SBMA-particleboard improved with increasing MA content of 15 wt%. Furthermore, the MA content of 15 wt% effectively manufactured SBMA-particleboard, while the powder particle class provided higher dimensional stability and internal bond due to the more extensive contact area. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of ester linkages, indicating a reaction between the carboxyl groups of MA and the hydroxyl of the sorghum biomass to provide good physical and mechanical properties for SBMA-particleboard as potential materials for table tennis blade.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the PMDSU program IPB University from the Ministry of Research and Higher Education (KEMENRISTEKDIKTI), the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), and the Republic of Indonesia for supporting this work.

Funding

This research was funded by The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (KEMENRISTEKDIKTI) through the PMDSU scheme with the letter No 1/E1/KP. PTNBH/2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Forest Products Department, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Jajang Sutiawan, Dede Hermawan, Yusuf Sudo Hadi, Deded Sarip Nawawi & Imam Busyra Abdillah

  2. Forest Product Department, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

    Jajang Sutiawan

  3. Research Center for Biomaterials, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia

    Sukma Surya Kusumah, Riska Surya Ningrum, Putri Amanda & Maya Ismayati

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  1. Jajang Sutiawan
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  2. Dede Hermawan
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  3. Yusuf Sudo Hadi
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  4. Deded Sarip Nawawi
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Contributions

Jajang Sutiawan: methodology, data curation, writing-original draft. Dede Hermawan: conceptualization, supervision. Yusuf Sudo Hadi: conceptualization, supervision. Deded Sarip Nawawi: conceptualization, supervision. Imam Busrya Abdillah: validation. Sukma Surya Kusumah: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, validation. Riska Surya Ningrum: methodology. Putri Amanda: methodology. Maya Ismayati: methodology.

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Correspondence to Dede Hermawan.

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Sutiawan, J., Hermawan, D., Hadi, Y.S. et al. Properties of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) biomass particleboard at different maleic acid content and particle size as potential materials for table tennis blade. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 1607–1619 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02525-x

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