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Preparation and evaluation of two enriched biochar-based fertilizers for nutrient release kinetics and agronomic effectiveness in direct-seeded rice

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Abstract

Biochar is a pyrolyzed product of organic matter having enormous potential for nutrient loading and enhancing nutrient use efficiency. In the present study, two enriched biochar (EB)-based fertilizers were prepared, having a fertilizer grade of 6–6-4 N-P2O5-K2O by intercalation of NPK fertilizers mixture solution as EB-1 and additional humic acid and seaweed extract with EB-1 as a formulation of EB-2. The batch experiments were conducted to compare nutrients (NH4+, NO3−, P, and K+) release patterns of developed fertilizers with conventional fertilizers. Enriched biochar fertilizers (EB) demonstrated a much slower release pattern of NH4+, P, and K+, but NO3− release was similar to conventional fertilizers. The total release of N from EB fertilizers was like conventional fertilizer; however, significantly less P and K were released during the period of 36 h. The field response study in direct-seeded rice revealed that the application of EB fertilizers 11.7–29.5, 32.9–64.0, and 31.4–38.0% higher apparent use efficiency of N, P, and K, respectively than conventional fertilizer at 100% application rate. This implies the possible utilization of EB fertilizers in sustainable rice production with reduced losses and enhanced nutrient use efficiency (NUE).

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Funding

The author (S.C.) thanks ICAR-NICRA, CRIDA, Hyderabad, Government of India for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Technology and Agriculture, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India

    Arkaprava Roy, Sumit Chaturvedi, Shiv Vendra Singh, V. C. Dhyani & Suhita Pyne

  2. Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India

    Arkaprava Roy

  3. Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, India

    Govindaraju Kasivelu

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  1. Arkaprava Roy
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  2. Sumit Chaturvedi
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  5. V. C. Dhyani
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  6. Suhita Pyne
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Contributions

Arkaprava Roy: data collection, analysis, and writing; Sumit Chaturvedi: designing the experiments, writing, reviewing, and editing; Suhita Pyne and Shiv Vendra Singh: analysis and data collection; Govindaraju Kasivelu and V. C. Dhyani: reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Sumit Chaturvedi.

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Roy, A., Chaturvedi, S., Singh, S.V. et al. Preparation and evaluation of two enriched biochar-based fertilizers for nutrient release kinetics and agronomic effectiveness in direct-seeded rice. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 2007–2018 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02488-z

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