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Effect of the autohydrolysis treatment on the integral revalorisation of Ziziphus lotus

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Abstract

In this work, the autohydrolysis of Ziziphus lotus has been used as a pretreatment that permitted the integral revalorisation of this feedstock by obtaining oligosaccharides, lignin and cellulose nanofibres. For that, firstly, the temperature of the autohydrolysis process was optimised to maximise the production of oligosaccharides, obtaining 17.8 g/L of oligosaccharides at the optimum conditions. Afterwards, the effect of the autohydrolysis pretreatment on the effectiveness of the subsequent biorefinery steps and on the characteristics of the obtained products was analysed. It was observed that the autohydrolysis pretreatment not only increased the organosolv delignification process by 42.7%, but also decreased polydispersity of the obtained lignin by 33.82%. Regarding the cellulose nanofibres, their crystallinity index increased from 74.3 to 79.2% due to the effect of the autohydrolysis treatment. Thus, the autohydrolysis pretreatment would permit the integral revalorisation of Ziziphus lotus by a biorefinery approach that could be an example of the circular economy and of a zero-waste production.

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Acknowledgements

The authors greatly acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia. Dr. I. Dávila would like to thank the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) for the financial support (Grant reference DOCREC19/47). The authors also want to acknowledge SGIker services from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU for their help with AFM, XRD and TGA analyses.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia and the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Biorefinery Processes Research Group, University of the Basque Country, Spain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for the Application of Materials To the Environment, Water and Energy (LR21ES15), Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia

    Sara Saad & Faten Mannai

  2. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Biorefinery Processes Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain

    Sara Saad, Izaskun Dávila & Jalel Labidi

  3. Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia

    Sara Saad & Younes Moussaoui

  4. Organic Chemistry Laboratory (LR17ES08), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Younes Moussaoui

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  1. Sara Saad
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  2. Izaskun Dávila
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  3. Faten Mannai
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  4. Jalel Labidi
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  5. Younes Moussaoui
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Contributions

Ideation and design of the experiment were done by Sara Saad and Izaskun Dávila. Development and optimization of experimental methods were done by Sara Saad and Izaskun Dávila. Collection and interpretation of experimental data was done by Sara Saad, Izaskun Dávila, Faten Mannai and Jalel Labidi. Preparing and writing of the manuscript were done by Sara Saad, Izaskun Dávila, Younes Moussaoui and Jalel Labidi.

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Correspondence to Izaskun Dávila.

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Highlights

• Ziziphus lotus was converted into oligosaccharides, lignin and cellulose nanofibres.

• The autohydrolysis process increased the efficiency of the subsequent delignification by 42.7%.

• Nanofibres with higher crystallinity (79.2% vs 74.3%) were achieved after the hemicellulose removal.

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Saad, S., Dávila, I., Mannai, F. et al. Effect of the autohydrolysis treatment on the integral revalorisation of Ziziphus lotus. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 1413–1425 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02457-6

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