Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Ionic liquid method for the extraction of lipid from microalgae biomass: a review

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Microalgae are an alternative source of renewable energy and high-value products for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, etc., due to rich in carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and high-density lipoproteins. Existing methods for cell disruption and extraction are costly and suffered from low proficiencies. Ionic liquids are proven to be an environmentally friendly substitute to conventional volatile organic solvents. They have been used in extracting different types of biomass, including microalgae. This article reviews the potential of ILs in extracting biomolecules, lipid, and omega-3, from microalgae biomass. The physicochemical properties of ILs, including viscosity, density, and melting point, their advantages and limitation, as well as toxicity and recyclability of ILs in lipid processing, are discussed.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

reproduced with permission from Taylor and Francis [15])

Fig. 2

source of “Sciencedirect” in 5 March 2021)

Fig. 3

reproduced with permission from Elsevier [65])

Fig. 4

Copyright Springer

Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

References

  1. Zhang S, Liu Z (2021) Advances in the biological fixation of carbon dioxide by microalgae. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 96(6):1475–1495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Aratboni HA, Rafiei N, Garcia-Granados R, Alemzadeh A, Morones-Ramírez JR (2019) Biomass and lipid induction strategies in microalgae for biofuel production and other applications. Microb Cell Fact 18(1):1–17

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chanthawong A, Dhakal S (2016) Stakeholders’ perceptions on challenges and opportunities for biodiesel and bioethanol policy development in Thailand. Energy Policy 91:189–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Pan Y et al (2017) One-step production of biodiesel from wet and unbroken microalgae biomass using deep eutectic solvent. Bioresour Technol 238:157–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. A. H. Hirani, N. Javed, M. Asif, S. K. Basu, and A. Kumar, “A review on first-and second-generation biofuel productions,” in Biofuels: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Global Warming, Springer, 2018, pp. 141–154.

  6. Lu W, Alam MA, Pan Y, Wu J, Wang Z, Yuan Z (2016) A new approach of microalgal biomass pretreatment using deep eutectic solvents for enhanced lipid recovery for biodiesel production. Bioresour Technol 218:123–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M. A. Alam, J. Wu, J. Xu, and Z. Wang, “Enhanced isolation of lipids from microalgal biomass with high water content for biodiesel production,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 291, p. 121834, 2019.

  8. Orr VCA, Rehmann L (2016) Ionic liquids for the fractionation of microalgae biomass. Curr Opin Green Sustain Chem 2(October):22–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2016.09.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. D. K. Y. Lim et al., “Isolation and evaluation of oil-producing microalgae from subtropical coastal and brackish waters,” PLoS One, vol. 7, no. 7, p. e40751, 2012.

  10. A. Kumar and J. S. Singh, “Microalgal bio-fertilizers,” in Handbook of Microalgae-Based Processes and Products, Elsevier, 2020, pp. 445–463.

  11. K. M. Rahman, “Food and high value products from microalgae: market opportunities and challenges,” in Microalgae biotechnology for food, health and high value products, Springer, 2020, pp. 3–27.

  12. G. F. Ferreira, L. F. R. Pinto, R. Maciel Filho, and L. V Fregolente, “A review on lipid production from microalgae: association between cultivation using waste streams and fatty acid profiles,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 109, pp. 448–466, 2019.

  13. Martínez-Francés E, Escudero-Oñate C (2018) Cyanobacteria and microalgae in the production of valuable bioactive compounds. Microalgal Biotechnol 6:104–128

    Google Scholar 

  14. Wang L, Chen L, Yang S, Tan X (2020) Photosynthetic conversion of carbon dioxide to oleochemicals by cyanobacteria: Recent advances and future perspectives. Front Microbiol 11:634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Odjadjare EC, Mutanda T, Olaniran AO (2017) Potential biotechnological application of microalgae: a critical review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 37(1):37–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. C. V. G. López, M. del C. C. García, F. G. A. Fernández, C. S. Bustos, Y. Chisti, and J. M. F. Sevilla, “Protein measurements of microalgal and cyanobacterial biomass,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 101, no. 19, pp. 7587–7591, 2010.

  17. Becker EW (2007) Micro-algae as a source of protein. Biotechnol Adv 25(2):207–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Lim AS, Jeong HJ, Kim SJ, Ok JH (2018) Amino acids profiles of six dinoflagellate species belonging to diverse families: possible use as animal feeds in aquaculture. Algae 33(3):279–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kent M, Welladsen HM, Mangott A, Li Y (2015) Nutritional evaluation of Australian microalgae as potential human health supplements. PLoS One 10(2):e0118985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Tibbetts SM, Milley JE, Lall SP (2015) Chemical composition and nutritional properties of freshwater and marine microalgal biomass cultured in photobioreactors. J Appl Phycol 27(3):1109–1119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. da Silva Vaz B, Moreira JB, de Morais MG, Costa JAV (2016) Microalgae as a new source of bioactive compounds in food supplements. Curr. Opin. Food Sci 7:73–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. S. R. Motlagh, A. A. Elgharbawy, R. Khezri, R. Harun, and R. Omar, “Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of protein from Nannochloropsis sp. biomass,” Biomass Convers. Biorefinery, pp. 1–12, 2021.

  23. Matos J, Cardoso C, Bandarra NM, Afonso C (2017) Microalgae as healthy ingredients for functional food: a review. Food Funct 8(8):2672–2685

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Barkia I, Saari N, Manning SR (2019) Microalgae for high-value products towards human health and nutrition. Mar Drugs 17(5):304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Mata TM, Martins AA, Caetano NS (2010) Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14(1):217–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ullah K et al (2015) Assessing the potential of algal biomass opportunities for bioenergy industry: a review. Fuel 143:414–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Khoo KS et al (2020) Recent advances in downstream processing of microalgae lipid recovery for biofuel production. Bioresour. Technol. 304:122996

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. S. F. Ahmed et al., “Progress and challenges of contaminate removal from wastewater using microalgae biomass,” Chemosphere, p. 131656, 2021.

  29. Abo BO, Odey EA, Bakayoko M, Kalakodio L (2019) Microalgae to biofuels production: a review on cultivation, application and renewable energy. Rev Environ Health 34(1):91–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Shahid A et al (2020) Cultivating microalgae in wastewater for biomass production, pollutant removal, and atmospheric carbon mitigation; a review. Sci. Total Environ 704:135303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Correa DF, Beyer HL, Possingham HP, Fargione JE, Hill JD, Schenk PM (2021) Microalgal biofuel production at national scales: reducing conflicts with agricultural lands and biodiversity within countries. Energy 215:119033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Chen Y, Xu C, Vaidyanathan S (2018) Microalgae: a robust ‘green bio-bridge’ between energy and environment. Crit Rev Biotechnol 38(3):351–368

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. B. Molinuevo-Salces, B. Riaño, D. Hernández, and M. C. García-González, “Microalgae and wastewater treatment: advantages and disadvantages,” in Microalgae biotechnology for development of biofuel and wastewater treatment, Springer, 2019, pp. 505–533.

  34. S. Rezaei Motlagh et al., “Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach,” J. Appl. Phycol., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-021-02437-9.

  35. Kumar AN et al (2020) Deoiled algal biomass derived renewable sugars for bioethanol and biopolymer production in biorefinery framework. Bioresour. Technol. 296:122315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Lupette J, Benning C (2020) Human health benefits of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae. Biochimie 178:15–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Raheem A, Wan Azlina WAKG, Taufiq Yap YH, Danquah MK, Harun R (2015) Thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass for biofuel production. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 49:990–999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Patel A, Mikes F, Matsakas L (2018) An overview of current pretreatment methods used to improve lipid extraction from oleaginous microorganisms. Molecules 23(7):1562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Boni J, Aida S, Leila K (2018) Lipid extraction method from microalgae Botryococcus braunii as raw material to make biodiesel with Soxhlet extraction. J Phys: Conf Ser 1095(1):12004

    Google Scholar 

  40. Breil C, AbertVian M, Zemb T, Kunz W, Chemat F (2017) Bligh and Dyer and Folch methods for solid liquid liquid extraction of lipids from microorganisms. Comprehension of solvatation mechanisms and towards substitution with alternative solvents. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18(4):1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040708

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Y.-H. Tseng, S. K. Mohanty, J. D. McLennan, and L. F. Pease III, “Algal lipid extraction using confined impinging jet mixers,” Chem. Eng. Sci. X, vol. 1, p. 100002, 2019.

  42. Mubarak M, Shaija A, Suchithra TV (2015) A review on the extraction of lipid from microalgae for biodiesel production. Algal Res 7(November):117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2014.10.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Barba FJ, Grimi N, Vorobiev E (2015) New approaches for the use of non-conventional cell disruption technologies to extract potential food additives and nutraceuticals from microalgae. Food Eng Rev 7(1):45–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Saini RK, Keum Y-S (2018) Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Dietary sources, metabolism, and significance—a review. Life Sci 203:255–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. F. Shahidi and P. Ambigaipalan, “Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their health benefits,” Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol., vol. 9, no. 1, p. annurev-food-111317–095850, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-111317-095850.

  46. Choi S-A, Oh Y-K, Jeong M-J, Kim SW, Lee J-S, Park J-Y (2014) Effects of ionic liquid mixtures on lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris. Renew Energy 65:169–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Qv X, Zhou Q, Jiang J (2014) Ultrasound-enhanced and microwave-assisted extraction of lipid from Dunaliella tertiolecta and fatty acid profile analysis. J Sep Sci 37(20):2991–2999

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. S. P. M. Ventura et al., “Extraction of value-added compounds from microalgae,” in Microalgae-based biofuels and bioproducts, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 461–483.

  49. Kayathi A, Chakrabarti PP, Bonfim-Rocha L, Cardozo-Filho L, Jegatheesan V (2020) Selective extraction of polar lipids of mango kernel using Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC–CO2) extraction: process optimization of extract yield/phosphorous content and economic evaluation. Chemosphere 260:127639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. H. Hadiyanto and S. Suttrisnorhadi, “Response surface optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) of phycocyanin from microalgae Spirulina platensis,” Emirates J. Food Agric., pp. 227–234, 2016.

  51. Sen Tan J et al (2020) A review on microalgae cultivation and harvesting, and their biomass extraction processing using ionic liquids. Bioengineered 11(1):116–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Zghaibi N, Omar R, Kamal SMM, Biak DRA, Harun R (2019) Microwave-Assisted Brine Extraction for Enhancement of the Quantity and Quality of Lipid Production from Microalgae Nannochloropsis sp.. Molecules 24(19):3581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Zheng H, Yin J, Gao Z, Huang H, Ji X, Dou C (2011) Disruption of Chlorella vulgaris cells for the release of biodiesel-producing lipids: a comparison of grinding, ultrasonication, bead milling, enzymatic lysis, and microwaves. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 164(7):1215–1224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Wahidin S, Idris A, Shaleh SRM (2014) Rapid biodiesel production using wet microalgae via microwave irradiation. Energy Convers Manag 84:227–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Lee J-Y, Yoo C, Jun S-Y, Ahn C-Y, Oh H-M (2010) Comparison of several methods for effective lipid extraction from microalgae. Bioresour Technol 101(1):S75–S77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Iqbal J, Theegala C (2013) Microwave assisted lipid extraction from microalgae using biodiesel as co-solvent. Algal Res 2(1):34–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Hernández D, Solana M, Riaño B, García-González MC, Bertucco A (2014) Biofuels from microalgae: lipid extraction and methane production from the residual biomass in a biorefinery approach. Bioresour Technol 170:370–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Tang S, Qin C, Wang H, Li S, Tian S (2011) Study on supercritical extraction of lipids and enrichment of DHA from oil-rich microalgae. J Supercrit Fluids 57(1):44–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2011.01.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Calla-Quispe E, Robles J, Areche C, Sepulveda B (2020) Are ionic liquids better extracting agents than toxic volatile organic solvents? A combination of ionic liquids, microwave and LC/MS/MS, applied to the lichen Stereocaulon glareosum. Front Chem 8:450

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. M. A. Alam et al., “Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents as green extractants for the isolation of phenolic compounds from biomass,” J. Clean. Prod., p. 127445, 2021.

  61. Egorova KS, Gordeev EG, Ananikov VP (2017) Biological activity of ionic liquids and their application in pharmaceutics and medicine. Chem Rev 117(10):7132–7189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Vanda H, Dai Y, Wilson EG, Verpoorte R, Choi YH (2018) Green solvents from ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents to natural deep eutectic solvents. Comptes Rendus Chim 21(6):628–638

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Claus J, Sommer FO, Kragl U (2018) Ionic liquids in biotechnology and beyond. Solid State Ionics 314:119–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. A. Basaiahgari and R. L. Gardas, “Ionic Liquids based Aqueous Biphasic Systems as Sustainable Extraction and Separation Techniques,” Curr. Opin. Green Sustain. Chem., p. 100423, 2020.

  65. Sahrash R, Siddiqa A, Razzaq H, Iqbal T, Qaisar S (2018) PVDF based ionogels: applications towards electrochemical devices and membrane separation processes. Heliyon 4(11):e00847

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Singh SK, Savoy AW (2020) Ionic liquids synthesis and applications: An overview. J. Mol. Liq. 297:112038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Gomes JM, Silva SS, Reis RL (2019) Biocompatible ionic liquids: fundamental behaviours and applications. Chem Soc Rev 48(15):4317–4335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Marrucho IM, Branco LC, Rebelo LPN (2014) Ionic liquids in pharmaceutical applications. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 5:527–546

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Shukla SK, Khokarale SG, Bui TQ, Mikkola J-PT (2019) Ionic liquids: Potential materials for carbon dioxide capture and utilization. Front Mater 6:42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. C. Iojoiu, O. Danyliv, and F. Alloin, “Ionic liquids and polymers for battery and fuel cells,” in Modern Synthesis Processes and Reactivity of Fluorinated Compounds, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 465–497.

  71. Floris B, Sabuzi F, Galloni P, Conte V (2017) The beneficial sinergy of MW irradiation and ionic liquids in catalysis of organic reactions. Catalysts 7(9):261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. K. S. Khoo et al., “How does ionic liquid play a role in sustainability of biomass processing?,” J. Clean. Prod., p. 124772, 2020.

  73. Troter DZ, Todorović ZB, Đokić-Stojanović DR, Stamenković OS, Veljković VB (2016) Application of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in biodiesel production: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 61:473–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.04.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Alviz PLA, Alvarez AJ (2017) Comparative life cycle assessment of the use of an ionic liquid ([Bmim] Br) versus a volatile organic solvent in the production of acetylsalicylic acid. J Clean Prod 168:1614–1624

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Cho HS, Oh YK, Park SC, Lee JW, Park JY (2013) Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris. Renew Energy 54:156–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.08.031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Kim Y-H et al (2012) Ionic liquid-mediated extraction of lipids from algal biomass. Bioresour Technol 109:312–315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Cheong L-Z, Guo Z, Yang Z, Chua S-C, Xu X (2011) Extraction and enrichment of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and ethyl esters through reversible π–π complexation with aromatic rings containing ionic liquids. J Agric Food Chem 59(16):8961–8967

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Anand M, Hadfield M, Viesca JL, Thomas B, Hernández Battez A, Austen S (2015) Ionic liquids as tribological performance improving additive for in-service and used fully-formulated diesel engine lubricants. Wear 334–335:67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.01.055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Jia X, Han Y, Liu X, Duan T, Chen H (2011) “Speciation of mercury in water samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry”, Spectrochim. Acta - Part B At Spectrosc 66(1):88–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2010.12.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Qiu Z, Aita GM, Walker MS (2012) Effect of ionic liquid pretreatment on the chemical composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of energy cane bagasse. Bioresour Technol 117:251–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.070

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Krishnan S et al (2020) Microwave-assisted lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris in water with 0.5%–2.5% of imidazolium based ionic liquid as additive. Renew Energy 149:244–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.063

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Wei M, Wang J (2015) A novel acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on ionic liquids-AuNPs-porous carbon composite matrix for detection of organophosphate pesticides. Sensors Actuators B Chem 211:290–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. de Almeida TS, Caparica R, Júlio A, Reis CP (2021) An Overview on Ionic Liquids: A New Frontier for Nanopharmaceuticals. Nanopharmaceuticals Princ Appl 1:181–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Ventura SPM, Silva FAE, Quental MV, Mondal D, Freire MG, Coutinho JAP (2017) Ionic-liquid-mediated extraction and separation processes for bioactive compounds: past, present, and future trends. Chem. Rev. 117(10):6984–7052

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Bystrzanowska M, Pena-Pereira F, Marcinkowski Ł, Tobiszewski M (2019) How green are ionic liquids?–A multicriteria decision analysis approach. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 174:455–458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. P. Lozano, Sustainable catalysis in ionic liquids. CRC Press, 2018.

  87. F. J. V Gschwend, A. Brandt, C. L. Chambon, W.-C. Tu, L. Weigand, and J. P. Hallett, “Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass with low-cost ionic liquids,” J. Vis. Exp. JoVE, no. 114, 2016.

  88. Rocha EGA, Pin TC, Rabelo SC, Costa AC (2017) Evaluation of the use of protic ionic liquids on biomass fractionation. Fuel 206:145–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. George A et al (2015) Design of low-cost ionic liquids for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment. Green Chem 17(3):1728–1734

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Gräsvik J, Winestrand S, Normark M, Jönsson LJ, Mikkola J-P (2014) Evaluation of four ionic liquids for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BMC Biotechnol 14(1):1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Weigand L, Mostame S, Brandt-Talbot A, Welton T, Hallett JP (2017) Effect of pretreatment severity on the cellulose and lignin isolated from Salix using ionoSolv pretreatment. Faraday Discuss 202:331–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. Yang S, Lu X, Zhang Y, Xu J, Xin J, Zhang S (2018) Separation and characterization of cellulose I material from corn straw by low-cost polyhydric protic ionic liquids. Cellulose 25(6):3241–3254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Liu Z, Li L, Liu C, Xu A (2018) Pretreatment of corn straw using the alkaline solution of ionic liquids. Bioresour Technol 260:417–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Fujita K, Kobayashi D, Nakamura N, Ohno H (2013) Direct dissolution of wet and saliferous marine microalgae by polar ionic liquids without heating. Enzyme Microb Technol 52(3):199–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. Young G, Nippen F, Titterbrandt S, Cooney MJ (2011) Direct transesterification of biomass using an ionic liquid co-solvent system. Biofuels 2(3):261–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Pan J et al (2016) Microwave-assisted extraction of lipids from microalgae using an ionic liquid solvent [BMIM][HSO4]. Fuel 178:49–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.03.037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. Cooney M, Young G, Nagle N (2009) “Separation & Purification Reviews Extraction of Bio - oils from Microalgae.” Sep. Purif. Reveiws 38(June 2013):291–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Moyer P et al (2018) Relationship between lignocellulosic biomass dissolution and physicochemical properties of ionic liquids composed of 3-methylimidazolium cations and carboxylate anions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 20(4):2508–2516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. RezaeiMotlagh S et al (2019) Screening of suitable ionic liquids as green solvents for extraction of eicosapentaenoic acid EPA from microalgae biomass using COSMO RS model. Molecules 24:713. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040713

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Rashid Z, Wilfred CD, Gnanasundaram N, Arunagiri A, Murugesan T (2018) Screening of ionic liquids as green oilfield solvents for the potential removal of asphaltene from simulated oil: COSMO-RS model approach. J Mol Liq 255:492–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.01.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. RezaeiMotlagh S et al (2020) COSMO-RS based prediction for alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) extraction from microalgae biomass using room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). Mar. Drugs 18(2):108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. RezaeiMotlagh S et al (2020) Prediction of Potential Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the Solid-Liquid Extraction of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) from Microalgae Using COSMO-RS Screening Model. Biomolecules 10(8):1149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. H. W. Khan, A. V. B. Reddy, M. M. E. Nasef, M. A. Bustam, M. Goto, and M. Moniruzzaman, “Screening of ionic liquids for the extraction of biologically active compounds using emulsion liquid membrane: COSMO-RS prediction and experiments,” J. Mol. Liq., p. 113122, 2020.

  104. Lotfi M et al (2017) Solubility of acyclovir in nontoxic and biodegradable ionic liquids: COSMO-RS prediction and experimental verification. J Mol Liq 243:124–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Passos H, Dinis TBV, Cláudio AFM, Freire MG, Coutinho JAP (2018) Hydrogen bond basicity of ionic liquids and molar entropy of hydration of salts as major descriptors in the formation of aqueous biphasic systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 20(20):14234–14241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Kurnia KA, Lima F, Cláudio AFM, Coutinho JAP, Freire MG (2015) Hydrogen-bond acidity of ionic liquids: an extended scale. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17(29):18980–18990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Cláudio AFM, Swift L, Hallett JP, Welton T, Coutinho JAP, Freire MG (2014) Extended scale for the hydrogen-bond basicity of ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16(14):6593–6601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. Muhammad N et al (2017) Investigation of ionic liquids as a pretreatment solvent for extraction of collagen biopolymer from waste fish scales using COSMO-RS and experiment. J Mol Liq 232:258–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Mäki-Arvela P, Anugwom I, Virtanen P, Sjöholm R, Mikkola J-P (2010) Dissolution of lignocellulosic materials and its constituents using ionic liquids—a review. Ind Crops Prod 32(3):175–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. Elgharbawy AAM, Hayyan M, Hayyan A, Basirun WJ, Salleh HM, Mirghani MES (2020) A grand avenue to integrate deep eutectic solvents into biomass processing. Biomass and Bioenergy 137:105550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. Zubeltzu J, Formoso E, Rezabal E (2020) Lignin solvation by ionic liquids: The role of cation. J. Mol. Liq. 303:112588

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Abe M, Kuroda K, Sato D, Kunimura H, Ohno H (2015) Effects of polarity, hydrophobicity, and density of ionic liquids on cellulose solubility. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17(48):32276–32282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Gericke M, Fardim P, Heinze T (2012) Ionic liquids—promising but challenging solvents for homogeneous derivatization of cellulose. Molecules 17(6):7458–7502

    Article  Google Scholar 

  114. Koi ZK, Yahya WZN, Talip RAA, Kurnia KA (2019) Prediction of the viscosity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids at different temperatures using the quantitative structure property relationship approach. New J Chem 43(41):16207–16217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  115. Andanson J-M, Bordes E, Devémy J, Leroux F, Pádua AAH, Gomes MFC (2014) Understanding the role of co-solvents in the dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids. Green Chem 16(5):2528–2538

    Article  Google Scholar 

  116. A. E. Visser, W. M. Reichert, R. P. Swatloski, H. D. Willauer, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Characterization of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ionic liquids: alternatives to volatile organic compounds for liquid-liquid separations,” ACS Publications, 2002.

  117. Zhang J, Wu J, Yu J, Zhang X, He J, Zhang J (2017) Application of ionic liquids for dissolving cellulose and fabricating cellulose-based materials: state of the art and future trends. Mater Chem Front 1(7):1273–1290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Orr VCA, Plechkova NV, Seddon KR, Rehmann L (2016) Disruption and Wet Extraction of the Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Using Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 4(2):591–600. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00967

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Olkiewicz M et al (2015) A novel recovery process for lipids from microalgæ for biodiesel production using a hydrated phosphonium ionic liquid. Green Chem 17(5):2813–2824

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. Prabakaran P, Ravindran AD (2011) A comparative study on effective cell disruption methods for lipid extraction from microalgae. Lett Appl Microbiol 53(2):150–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. Young G, Nippgen F, Titterbrandt S, Cooney MJ (2010) Lipid extraction from biomass using co-solvent mixtures of ionic liquids and polar covalent molecules. Sep Purif Technol 72(1):118–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2010.01.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Kim YH et al (2013) Ultrasound-assisted extraction of lipids from Chlorella vulgaris using [Bmim][MeSO4]. Biomass Bioenerg 56:99–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.04.022Shortcommunication

    Article  Google Scholar 

  123. Shankar M, Chhotaray PK, Agrawal A, Gardas RL, Tamilarasan K, Rajesh M (2017) Protic ionic liquid-assisted cell disruption and lipid extraction from fresh water Chlorella and Chlorococcum microalgae. Algal Res 25:228–236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  124. W. Zhou et al., “Repeated utilization of ionic liquid to extract lipid from algal biomass,” Int. J. Polym. Sci., vol. 2019, 2019.

  125. Choi S-A, Lee J-S, Oh Y-K, Jeong M-J, Kim SW, Park J-Y (2014) Lipid extraction from Chlorella vulgaris by molten-salt/ionic-liquid mixtures. Algal Res 3:44–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. Cardoso-Ugarte GA, Juárez-Becerra GP, SosaMorales ME, López-Malo A (2013) Microwave-assisted extraction of essential oils from herbs. J Microw Power Electromagn Energy 47(1):63–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  127. Wahidin S, Idris A, Shaleh SRM (2016) Ionic liquid as a promising biobased green solvent in combination with microwave irradiation for direct biodiesel production. Bioresour Technol 206:150–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.084

    Article  Google Scholar 

  128. Halim R, Danquah MK, Webley PA (2012) Extraction of oil from microalgae for biodiesel production: a review. Biotechnol Adv 30(3):709–732

    Article  Google Scholar 

  129. D. O. Hartmann and C. S. Pereira, “Toxicity of ionic liquids: past, present, and future,” in Ionic Liquids in Lipid Processing and Analysis, Elsevier, 2016, pp. 403–421.

  130. Huang W et al (2020) Ionic liquids: Green and tailor-made solvents in drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 25(5):901–908

    Article  Google Scholar 

  131. Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L, Seggiani M, Pomelli CS, Puccini M, Chiappe C (2017) A general environmentally friendly access to long chain fatty acid ionic liquids (LCFA-ILs). Green Chem 19(13):3103–3111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  132. Phuong T, Pham T, Cho C, Yun Y (2010) Environmental fate and toxicity of ionic liquids : A review. Water Res 44(2):352–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.030

    Article  Google Scholar 

  133. M. Cvjetko, K. Rado, I. Radoj, and J. Halambek, “Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety A brief overview of the potential environmental hazards of ionic liquids,” vol. 99, pp. 1–12, 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.10.019.

  134. L. El Blidi, J. Saleh, O. Ben Ghanem, M. El-harbawi, and M. K. Hadj-kali, “Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Toxicity Study of Dicyanamide-Based Ionic Liquids and Their Application to Liquid − Liquid Extraction,” 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.9b00654.

  135. Viboud S, Papaiconomou N, Cortesi A, Chatel G, Draye M, Fontvieille D (2012) Correlating the structure and composition of ionic liquids with their toxicity on Vibrio fischeri: a systematic study. J Hazard Mater 215:40–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  136. Flieger J, Flieger M (2020) Ionic Liquids Toxicity-Benefits and Threats. Int J Mol Sci 21(17):6267. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. Bubalo MC, Radošević K, Redovniković IR, Slivac I, Srček VG (2017) Toxicity mechanisms of ionic liquids. Arch Ind Hyg Toxicol 68(3):171–179

    Google Scholar 

  138. Ma J, Cai L, Zhang B, Hu L, Li X, Wang J (2010) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Acute toxicity and effects of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids on green algae. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 73(6):1465–1469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.10.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  139. Petkovic M et al (2010) Novel biocompatible cholinium-based ionic liquids—toxicity and biodegradability. Green Chem 12(4):643–649

    Article  Google Scholar 

  140. Weyhing-Zerrer N, Kalb R, Oßmer R, Rossmanith P, Mester P (2018) Evidence of a reverse side-chain effect of tris (pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate [FAP]-based ionic liquids against pathogenic bacteria. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 148:467–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. Steudte S et al (2014) Toxicity and biodegradability of dicationic ionic liquids. RSC Adv 4(10):5198–5205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  142. M. Matzke, S. Stolte, K. Thiele, T. Juffernholz, and J. Ranke, “The influence of anion species on the toxicity of 1-alkyl-3- methylimidazolium ionic liquids observed in an ( eco ) toxicological test battery {,” pp. 1198–1207, 2007, doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/b705795d.

  143. Vieira NSM, Stolte S, Araújo JMM, Rebelo LPN, Pereiro AB, Markiewicz M (2019) Acute aquatic toxicity and biodegradability of fluorinated ionic liquids. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 7(4):3733–3741

    Article  Google Scholar 

  144. Bogdanov MG, Svinyarov I (2018) Analysis of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by extraction in choline saccharinate aqueous biphasic systems. J Chromatogr A 1559:62–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  145. Sivapragasam M, Wilfred CD, Jaganathan JR, Krishnan S, WanKarim Ghani WAWAB (2019) Choline-Based Ionic Liquids as Media for the Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Processes 7(7):471

    Article  Google Scholar 

  146. Santos JI et al (2015) Environmental safety of cholinium-based ionic liquids: assessing structure–ecotoxicity relationships. Green Chem 17(9):4657–4668

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  147. Petkovic M, Seddon KR, Rebelo LPN, Pereira CS (2011) Ionic liquids: a pathway to environmental acceptability. Chem Soc Rev 40(3):1383–1403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. Zhang S et al (2018) The ecotoxicity and tribological properties of choline amino acid ionic liquid lubricants. Tribol Int 121:435–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  149. Neves CMSS et al (2014) The impact of ionic liquid fluorinated moieties on their thermophysical properties and aqueous phase behaviour. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16(39):21340–21348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  150. C. Cho, Y. Jeon, T. Phuong, T. Pham, K. Vijayaraghavan, and Y. Yun, “The ecotoxicity of ionic liquids and traditional organic solvents on microalga Selenastrum capricornutum $,” vol. 71, pp. 166–171, 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.07.001.

  151. Stolte S et al (2007) Effects of different head groups and functionalised side chains on the cytotoxicity of ionic liquids. Green Chem 9(7):760–767

    Article  Google Scholar 

  152. R. P. Swatloski et al., “Using Caenorhabditis elegans to probe toxicity of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride based ionic liquids,” pp. 668–669, 2004, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00105-2.

  153. P. Attri, P. M. Reddy, and P. Venkatesu, “Density and ultrasonic sound speed measurements for N, N-dimethylformamide with ionic liquids,” 2010.

  154. Zhang Y et al (2018) Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for effective lipid extraction from microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Renew Energy 125:1049–1057

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Shiva Rezaei Motlagh, Razif Harun, Dayang Radiah Awang Biak & Siti Aslina Hussain

  2. International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University Malaysia, 50728, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Amal A. Elgharbawy

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Ramin khezri

Authors
  1. Shiva Rezaei Motlagh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Amal A. Elgharbawy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ramin khezri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Razif Harun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Dayang Radiah Awang Biak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Siti Aslina Hussain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Conceptualization of the review was proposed by S.R.M. and A.A.E.; writing (original draft preparation) was done by S.R.M. and A.A.E.; final review and editing were done by S.R.M., R.K., and A.A.E; project supervision was by R.H., D.R.A.B., and S.A.H.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Razif Harun.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Motlagh, S.R., Elgharbawy, A.A., khezri, R. et al. Ionic liquid method for the extraction of lipid from microalgae biomass: a review. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 11417–11439 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01972-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01972-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation