Skip to main content
Log in

Formic acid pulping of crops residues available in Bangladesh

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bangladesh is a densely populated agricultural country. As the allocated forestland for pulpwood production is very limited and a substantial amount of crops residues are generated each year, the latter can substitute pulpwood. But it is hard to use crops residues as pulping raw materials in a conventional pulping process due to its high content of silica and fines. It was observed that formic acid (FA) pulping process can overcome these limitations. In this context, fourteen residues of crops produced in Bangladesh were evaluated by FA pulping with varying FA charge for 4 h at the boiling temperature followed by peroxyformic acid (PFA) treatment under constant conditions. It was observed that pulp yield and delignification degree decreased with FA charge. Also, PFA treatment further reduced the kappa number of pulps. Final pulp yields were 39–51% with the kappa number of 12–28 depending on crops residues. Holocellulose and α-cellulose content in crops residues were positively correlated (R2 = 0.95) with pulp yield at 0% level of significance. Pulps were bleached by alkaline peroxide bleaching and brightness reached to about 80% with acceptable papermaking properties.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jahan MS, Uddin MN, Akhtaruzzaman AF (2016) An approach for the use of agricultural by-products through a biorefinery in Bangladesh. Forest Chron 92:447–452

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Anon (2019) https://tradingeconomics.com/bangladesh/agriculture-value-added-annual-percent-growth-wb-data.html (accessed on 24 Jan 2019)

  3. Jahan MS, Lee ZZ, Jin Y (2006) Organic acid pulping of rice straw. I: cooking. Turk J Agric For 30:231–239

    Google Scholar 

  4. Jahan MS, Rahman MM, Sutradhar S, Quaiyyum MA (2015) Fractionation of rice straw for producing dissolving pulp in biorefinery concept. Nord Pulp Paper Res 30:562–567. https://doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2015-30-04-p562-567

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Pan XJ, Sano Y, Ito T (1999) Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of rice straw II: behavior of ash and silica in rice straw during atmospheric acetic acid pulping and bleaching. Holzforschung 53:49–55. https://doi.org/10.1515/HF.1999.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Seisto A, Poppius-Levlin K (1997) Peroxyformic acid pulping of nonwood plants by the MILOX method. 1. Pulping and bleaching. TAPPI J 80:215–221

    Google Scholar 

  7. Jiménez L, De la Torre MJ, Maestre F, Ferrer JL, Pérez I (1998) Delignification of wheat straw by use of low-molecular-weight organic acids. Holzforschung 52:191–196. https://doi.org/10.1515/hfsg.1998.52.2.191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lam HQ, Le Bigot Y, Delmas M (2001) Formic acid pulping of rice straw. Ind Crop Prod 14:65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6690(00)00089-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Poppius-Levlin K, Mustonen R, Huovila T, Sundquist J (1991) Milox pulping with acetic acid/peroxyacetic acid. Pap Puu-Pap Tim 73:154–158

    Google Scholar 

  10. Muurinen E (2000) Organosolv pulping--a review and distillation study related to peroxyacid pulping. Dissertation, University Oulu, Finland

  11. Jahan MS, Rukhsana B, Baktash MM, Ahsan L, Fatehi P, Ni Y (2013) Pulping of non-wood and its related biorefinery potential in Bangladesh: a review. Curr Org Chem 17:1570–1576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Tachon N, Benjelloun-Mlayah B, Delmas M (2016) Organosolv wheat straw lignin as a phenol substitute for green phenolic resins. BioResources 11:5797–5815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Jahan MS, Chowdhury DN, Islam MK, Islam MS (2007) Organic acid pulping of jute and its mechanism. Cellul Chem Technol 41:137–147

    Google Scholar 

  14. Watkins D, Nuruddin M, Hosur M, Tcherbi-Narteh A, Jeelani S (2015) Extraction and characterization of lignin from different biomass resources. J Mater Res Technol 4:26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2014.10.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kubo S, Uraki Y, Sano Y (1998) Preparation of carbon fibers from softwood lignin by atmospheric acetic acid pulping. Carbon 36:1119–1124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(98)00086-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Cetin NS, Özmen N (2002) Use of organosolv lignin in phenol–formaldehyde resins for particleboard production: I Organosolv lignin modified resins. Int J Adhes Adhes 22:477–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7496(02)00058-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Podschun J, Saake B, Lehnen R (2015) Reactivity enhancement of organosolv lignin by phenolation for improved bio-based thermosets. Eur Polym J 67:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.03.029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kadla JF, Kubo S, Venditti RA, Gilbert RD, Compere AL, Griffith W (2002) Lignin-based carbon fibers for composite fiber applications. Carbon 40:2913–2920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00248-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sarkar M, Tian C, Jahan MS (2018) Activated carbon from potassium hydroxide spent liquor lignin using phosphoric acid. TAPPI J 17:63–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Browning BL (1967) Methods of wood chemistry, vol I & II. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  21. Tutuş AH, Eroğlu HÜ (2003) A practical solution to silica problem in straw pulping. Appita J 56:111–115

    Google Scholar 

  22. Rodríguez A, Moral A, Serrano L, Labidi J, Jiménez L (2008) Rice straw pulp obtained by using various methods. BioresourceTechnol 99:2881–2886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ateş S, Deniz I, kirci H, Atik C, Okan OT (2015) Comparison of pulping and bleaching behaviors of some agricultural residues. Turk J Agric For 39:144–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Rahman MM, Islam T, Nayeem J, Jahan M (2014) Variation of chemical and morphological properties of different parts of banana plant (Musa paradisica) and their effects on pulping. Int J Lignocellul Prod 1:93–103

    Google Scholar 

  25. Jahan MS, Chowdhury N, Ni Y (2010) Effect of different locations on the morphological, chemical, pulping and papermaking properties of Trema orientalis (Nalita). Bioresour Technol 101:1892–1898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.024

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Shakhes J, Marandi MA, Zeinaly F, Saraian A, Saghafi T (2011) Tobacco residuals as promising lignocellulosic materials for pulp and paper industry. BioResources 6:4481–4493

    Google Scholar 

  27. Clark TF, Cunningham RL, Wolff IA (1971) A search for new fiber crops. Tappi 54:63–65

    Google Scholar 

  28. Jahan MS, Uddin MN, Rahman A, Rahman MM, Aminb MN (2016) Soda pulping of umbrella palm grass (cyperusflabettiformic). J Bioresour Bioprod 1:85–91

    Google Scholar 

  29. Nieschlag HJ (1960) A search for new fibre crops. Tappi 43:193–201

    Google Scholar 

  30. Bai L, Hu H, Xu J (2012) Influences of configuration and molecular weight of hemicelluloses on their paper-strengthening effects. CarbohydPolym 88:1258–1263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.02.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Cao S, Ma X, Lin L, Huang F, Huang L, Chen L (2014) Morphological and chemical characterization of green bamboo (Dendrocalamopsis oldhami (Munro) Keng f.) for dissolving pulp production. BioResources 9:4528–4539

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Alcaide LJ, Parra IS, Baldovin FL (1990) Characterization of Spanish agricultural residues with a view to obtaining cellulose pulp. TAPPI J 73:173–176

    Google Scholar 

  33. Sharma AK, Dutt D, Upadhyaya JS, Roy TK (2011) Anatomical, morphological, and chemical characterization of Bambusatulda, Dendrocalamushamiltonii, Bambusabalcooa, Malocanabaccifera, Bambusaarundinacea and Eucalyptus tereticornis. BioResources 6:5062–5073

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lourenço A, Gominho J, Marques AV, Pereira H (2012) Reactivity of syringyl and guaiacyl lignin units and delignification kinetics in the kraft pulping of Eucalyptus globulus wood using Py-GC–MS/FID. Bioresour Technol 123:296–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Yasuda S, Abe Y, Hirokaga Y (1991) Behavior of lignin in organic acid pulping. Part III. Additive effects of potassium and sodium halides on delignification. Holzforschung 45:79–82. https://doi.org/10.1515/hfsg.1991.45.s1.79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Jahan MS, Rumee JN, Rahman MM, Quaiyyum A (2014) Formic acid/acetic acid/water pulping of agricultural wastes. Cellul Chem Technol 48:111–118

    Google Scholar 

  37. Behin J, Zeyghami M (2009) Dissolving pulp from corn stalk residue and waste water of Merox unit. ChemEng J 152:26–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.03.024

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Jahan MS, Rahman MM (2012) Effect of pre-hydrolysis on the soda-anthraquinone pulping of corn stalks and Saccharum spontaneum (kash). Carbohydr Polym 88:583–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Jahan MS, Islam MK, Hasan AM, Chowdhury DN (2002) Investigation on soda and soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulping of Saccharumsp ontaneum. Tappsa J 26:27–33

    Google Scholar 

  40. Scott WE, Abbott JC (1995) Properties of paper: an introduction, 2nd edn. TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta

    Google Scholar 

  41. Retulainen E, Luukko K, Nieminen K, Pere J, Laine J Paulapuro H (2001) papermaking quality of fines from different pulps-the effect of size, shape and chemical composition. In: 55th Appita annual conference. Proceedings Appita Inc, Hobart, p 291

  42. Kang TA, Paulapuro H (2006) Effect of external fibrillation on paper strength. Pulp Pap-Canada 107:51

    Google Scholar 

  43. Hartman RR (1984) Mechanical treatment of pulp fibers for property development. Dissertation, Lawrence University

  44. Seisto A, Poppius-Levlin K, Jousimaa T (1997) Peroxyformic acid pulping of nonwood plants by the MILOX method. Part 2: reed pulp for wood free fine papers. TAPPI J 80:235–240

    Google Scholar 

  45. Jahan MS, Chowdhury DN, Islam MK (2007) Atmospheric formic acid pulping and TCF bleaching of dhaincha (Sesbaniaaculeata), kash (Saccharumspontaneum) and banana stem (Musa Cavendish). Ind Crop Prod 26:324–331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Sahin HT, Young RA (2008) Auto-catalyzed acetic acid pulping of jute. Ind Crop Prod 28:24–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.12.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Nimz HH, Tschivner V, Roth M (1983) Proceedings of the international symposium on wood and pulping chemistry, Japan TAPPI, 1: 90

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Sarwar Jahan.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ferdous, T., Jahan, M.S., Quaiyyum, M.A. et al. Formic acid pulping of crops residues available in Bangladesh. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 10, 289–297 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-019-00415-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-019-00415-3

Keywords

Navigation