Skip to main content
Log in

A four-dimensional solvable system of difference equations in the complex domain

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Serie A. Matemáticas Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It is shown that the following class of four-dimensional systems of difference equations of interest

$$\begin{aligned} x_{n+1}&=\frac{a_1}{x_ny_nz_n}+\frac{b_1}{y_nz_nu_n}+\frac{c_1}{z_nu_nx_n}+\frac{d_1}{u_nx_ny_n}\\ y_{n+1}&=\frac{a_2}{x_ny_nz_n}+\frac{b_2}{y_nz_nu_n}+\frac{c_2}{z_nu_nx_n}+\frac{d_2}{u_nx_ny_n}\\ z_{n+1}&=\frac{a_3}{x_ny_nz_n}+\frac{b_3}{y_nz_nu_n}+\frac{c_3}{z_nu_nx_n}+\frac{d_3}{u_nx_ny_n}\\ u_{n+1}&=\frac{a_4}{x_ny_nz_n}+\frac{b_4}{y_nz_nu_n}+\frac{c_4}{z_nu_nx_n}+\frac{d_4}{u_nx_ny_n},\\ \end{aligned}$$

\(n\in {\mathbb N}_0,\) where \(a_i, b_i, c_i, d_i\), \(i=\overline{1,4}\), \(x_0,y_0,z_0,u_0\) are complex numbers, is solvable in closed form, by describing the procedure for solving it in all the cases.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Andruch-Sobilo, A., Migda, M.: Further properties of the rational recursive sequence \(x_{n+1}=ax_{n-1}/(b+cx_nx_{n-1})\). Opusc. Math. 26(3), 387–394 (2006)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Berg, L., Stević, S.: On some systems of difference equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 218, 1713–1718 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Brand, L.: A sequence defined by a difference equation. Am. Math. Mon. 62(7), 489–492 (1955)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Brand, L.: Differential and Difference Equations. Wiley, New York (1966)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Grove, E.A., Ladas, G., McGrath, L.C., Teixeira, C.T.: Existence and behaviour of solutions of a rational system. Commun. Appl. Nonlinear Anal. 8(1), 1–25 (2001)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Jordan, C.: Calculus of Finite Differences. Chelsea Publishing Company, New York (1956)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Karakostas, G.: The dynamics of a cooperative difference system with coefficient a Metzler matrix. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 20(5–6), 685–693 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Levy, H., Lessman, F.: Finite Difference Equations. Dover Pub. Inc., New York (1992)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Mitrinović, D.S., Kečkić, J.D.: Methods for Calculating Finite Sums. Naučna Knjiga, Beograd (in Serbian) (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: On a system of two nonlinear difference equations. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 219(2), 415–426 (1998)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: On the behavior of the solutions of a system of two nonlinear difference equations. Commun. Appl. Nonlinear Anal. 5(2), 47–59 (1998)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: Invariants for systems of two nonlinear difference equations. Differ. Equ. Dynam. Syst. 7(2), 181–196 (1999)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: Invariants and oscillation for systems of two nonlinear difference equations. Nonlinear Anal. TMA 46(7), 967–978 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: Oscillation and asymptotic stability of two systems of difference equations of rational form. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 7, 601–617 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: On the system of two difference equations \(x_{n+1}=\sum _{i=0}^k A_i/y_{n-i}^{p_i}, y_{n+1}=\sum _{i=0}^k B_i/x_{n-i}^{q_i}\). J. Math. Anal. Appl. 273(2), 294–309 (2002)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: On the dynamics of two exponential type systems of difference equations. Comput. Math. Appl. 64(7), 2326–2334 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Papaschinopoulos, G., Stefanidou, G.: Asymptotic behavior of the solutions of a class of rational difference equations. Int. J. Differ. Equ. 5(2), 233–249 (2010)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Rees, E.L.: Graphical discussion of the roots of a quartic equation. Am. Math. Mon. 29(2), 51–55 (1922)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Stefanidou, G., Papaschinopoulos, G., Schinas, C.J.: On a system of two exponential type difference equations. Commun. Appl. Nonlinear Anal. 17(2), 1–13 (2010)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Stević, S.: More on a rational recurrence relation. Appl. Math. E-Notes 4, 80–85 (2004)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Stević, S.: A short proof of the Cushing–Henson conjecture. Discret. Dyn. Nat. Soc 2006(37264), 5 (2006)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Stević, S.: On the difference equation \(x_n=x_{n-k}/(b+cx_{n-1}\cdots x_{n-k})\). Appl. Math. Comput. 218, 6291–6296 (2012)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Stević, S.: On a system of difference equations which can be solved in closed form. Appl. Math. Comput. 219, 9223–9228 (2013)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Stević, S.: On the system of difference equations \(x_n=c_ny_{n-3}/(a_n+b_ny_{n-1}x_{n-2}y_{n-3})\), \(y_n=\gamma _n x_{n-3}/(\alpha _n+\beta _n x_{n-1}y_{n-2}x_{n-3})\). Appl. Math. Comput. 219, 4755–4764 (2013)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Stević, S.: First-order product-type systems of difference equations solvable in closed form. Electron. J. Differ. Equ. 2015(308), 14 (2015)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Stević, S.: Solvable subclasses of a class of nonlinear second-order difference equations. Adv. Nonlinear Anal. 5(2), 147–165 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Stević, S.: New class of solvable systems of difference equations. Appl. Math. Lett. 63, 137–144 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. Stević, S.: Solvability of a product-type system of difference equations with six parameters. Adv. Nonlinear Anal. (2016). doi: 10.1515/anona-2016-0145 (in press)

  29. Stević, S.: Solvability of boundary-value problems for a linear partial difference equation. Electron. J. Differ. Equ. 2017(17), 10 (2017)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Stević, S.: Solvable product-type system of difference equations whose associated polynomial is of the fourth order. Electron. J. Qual. Theory Differ. Equ. 2017(13), 29 (2017)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Stević, S., Diblik, J., Iričanin, B., et al.: On some solvable difference equations and systems of difference equations. Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2012(541761), 11 (2012)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Stević, S., Diblik, J., Iričanin, B., et al.: On the difference equation \(x_n=a_nx_{n-k}/\) \((b_n+c_nx_{n-1}\ldots x_{n-k})\). Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2012(409237), 19 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stević, S., Diblik, J., Iričanin, B., et al.: On the difference equation \(x_{n+1}=x_nx_{n-k}/\) \((x_{n-k+1}(a+bx_nx_{n-k}))\). Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2012(108047), 9 (2012)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Stević, S., Diblik, J., Iričanin, B., Šmarda, Z.: On a solvable system of rational difference equations. J. Differ. Equ. Appl. 20(5–6), 811–825 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. Stević, S., Diblik, J., Iričanin, B., et al.: Solvability of nonlinear difference equations of fourth order. Electron. J. Differ. Equ. 2014(264), 14 (2014)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Stević, S., Iričanin, B., Šmarda, Z., et al.: On a product-type system of difference equations of second order solvable in closed form. J. Inequal. Appl. 2015(327), 15 (2015)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Stević, S., Iričanin, B., Šmarda, Z.: Solvability of a close to symmetric system of difference equations. Electron. J. Differ. Equ. 2016(159), 13 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Stević, S., Iričanin, B., Šmarda, Z.: Two-dimensional product-type system of difference equations solvable in closed form. Adv. Differ. Equ. 2016(253), 20 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  39. Stević, S., Ranković, D.: On a practically solvable product-type system of difference equations of second order. Electron. J. Qual. Theory Differ. Equ. 2016(56), 23 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stevo Stević.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Stević, S. A four-dimensional solvable system of difference equations in the complex domain. RACSAM 112, 1265–1280 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-017-0421-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-017-0421-8

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation